Unit 3 AOS 3 Flashcards
Define Technology
application of science to achieve commercial or industrial objectives
Define automation
replacement of human activity with technology
What is Computer Aided Design
computer program that streamlines the creation and modification of product design = more accurate, flexible and manageable
Creates 3-D diagrams from given data = more accurate predictions of what final product will look like from all angles can then adjust
How does Computer Aided Design link to efficiency and effectiveness?
3-4 x quicker than manual methods = ↑ productivity = efficient b/c reduce time and labour
Drafts can be sent to client for feedback and then adjusted (e.g. architects) OR produce more prototypes = therefore more flexible for meeting client requirements/enables selection of best option = effective b/c ↑ sales
Reduced errors = efficient (less time spent fixing errors) + effective
Advantages of CAD
Greater accuracy in design process = better quality = better reputation
Increases flexibility for customers = allows for customisation = more sales
Quicker design process
Disadvantages of CAD
Expensive in short term due to cost of technology
Software needs constant updating
Employees may require extra training
Describe Computer Aided Manufacturing
software used to control and direct the production process by controlling machinery and equipment through a computer
No need for manual resetting machinery
How does CAM lead to efficiency and effectiveness?
Reduction in lost time b/c no need for humans to reset machinery = efficient
Reduction in labour costs = efficient
Fewer errors = less waste + higher quality = efficient and effective
Advantages of CAM
Greater accuracy in manufacturing process = better quality = better reputation
Quicker manufacturing process
Reduces need for employees = lower costs
Disadvantages of CAM
Expensive in short term due to cost of technology
Software needs constant updating
Employees may require extra training
Repairs can be expensive
Sudden breakdowns can halt production altogether = risk to productivity
Description of Automated Production Line
machinery and equipment arranged in a sequence, product is developed as it proceeds through each step
Each station performs a specific operation product processed step by step as it moves along the line in a predefined production sequence
Timing and sequencing of all equipment is controlled by computers
APL link to efficiency and effectiveness
Less humans required = ↑ productivity = efficient
Quicker = ↑ productivity = efficient
Less human error = ↑ quality + ↓ waste = efficient + effective
↑ safety (less dangerous tasks + no need to handle toxic materials = effective
Advantages of APL
Greater accuracy in manufacturing process = better quality = better reputation
Reduced waste due to errors
Quicker manufacturing process
Production can run 24/7
Reduces need for employees = lower costs
Disadvantages of APL
Expensive in short term due to cost of technology
Software needs constant updating
Employees may require extra training
Repairs can be expensive
Sudden breakdowns can halt production altogether = risk to productivity
Describe Online Services
services that are provided via internet; e.g. booking platforms, food ordering platforms, price comparison platforms, cloud based storage, online market places, use of QR code ordering in restaurants
Link b/w online services and efficiency and effectiveness
Remove need for employees to do certain tasks (e.g. answer phones to take a booking) = ↑ efficiency
↑ convenience for customers (e.g. make booking at any time) = ↑ customer satisfaction = ↑ effectiveness
Define operations management
Refers to the task of managing the processes that transform inputs into finished goods and/or services (outputs).
What are the elements of the operations system
Inputs
Processes
Outputs
What is the aim of operations management?
max productivity and quality by minimising costs and maximising quality of output
What are the links b/w effective operations management and business objectives?
Effective operations management meeting customer needs ↑ profit, ↑ meeting social needs, ↑ market share
Effective operations management ↓inputs + ↓waste ↓ costs ↑ profit OR ability to do more ↑ meeting social needs
Effective operations management ↑ quality ↑ profit, ↑ meeting social needs, ↑ market share
What are the responsibilities of an Operations Manager?
Inventory management = physical inputs – how much, when, how stored Manufacturing = processes what processes, how often/how much meet requirements w/o wastage (e.g. defects, labour costs or product that is never sold) Quality determine standards, determine procedures for managing quality + oversee enactment Maintenance/engineering ensure equipment is reliable, control maintenance costs, keep records
What are the elements of the operations system?
Inputs Processes Outpots
What are inputs?
Definition: the resources used in the operations system Six categories: People – e.g. employees Facilities and equipment – e.g. buildings, machinery and technology Materials – e.g. raw materials (wood, steel), parts, components Finance – to be able to purchase initial inputs Information – related to business operations, e.g. doctor’s files or customer feedback Time
What are processes?
the activities that convert inputs into the output
What are outputs?
the finished product/result of process in the form of goods and services.
Describe a Manufacturing Organisation
Organisations that produce outputs that are tangible, i.e. that can be touched
Clear operations system – they convert inputs into a visible product = a good
E.g. a car manufacturer combines human labour, parts and the use of robotics to produce a car
