unit 3 - AOS 2

Question 1

what is custodianship?

Answer 1

Custodianship is the responsibility of taking care of or protecting something

Indigenous Australians have practiced custodianship for many years, leading to a having very strong cultural connections with the land

Question 2

what is kinship?

Answer 2

kinship is an Indigenous persons relationship and responsibilities to other people, to their country and to the natural resources.

Their kinship with country reflects their beliefs that their ancestors make us every atom of the land, deepening their care and responsibility for the land

Question 3

what are the first steps to gaining formal recognition in vic?

Answer 3

right people
right country
capability
decision making
incorporation

Question 4

right people

Answer 4

groups need to demonstrate that they are inclusive and representative of all traditional owners interests and rights to country

Question 5

right country

Answer 5

groups need to demonstrate a connection to a defined area of country, agreeing on boundaries with neighbours

Question 6

capability

Answer 6

groups need to have the organisational capability to sustainably manage the legal responsibilities that flow with formal recognition

Question 7

decision making

Answer 7

groups need to have agreed decision-making processes in place

Question 8

incorporation

Answer 8

groups need to appoint a corporation to act for them under the corporations act - Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander - 2006

Question 9

what are the three acts that groups can be recognised under

Answer 9

state gov - RAP - Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006

state gov - Traditional Owner settlement Act 2010

federal gov - native title act 1993

Question 10

what is a RAP

Answer 10

a registered aboriginal party, they are responsible for managing all land, water, and aboriginal cultural heritage within their appointed area

Question 11

what are the three types of contemporary relationships

Answer 11

conservation, recreation and economic

Question 12

conservation

Answer 12

the preservation, protection, management or restoration of natural resources, areas or objects of cultural significance

Question 13

c - perceptions

Answer 13

viewing the land as a museum, something that needs to be protected and cared for

Question 14

c - interactions

Answer 14

revegetation, erosion control, habitat restoration

Question 15

c - impacts

Answer 15

stables soil through revegetation, improve biodiversity, encourage human visitation by managing a park

Question 16

recreation

Answer 16

past times that are a diversion from day to day routines, passive or active activities that provide relaxation, enjoyment or fitness

Question 17

r - perceptions

Answer 17

viewing the land as a gymnasium, something that can be used to have fun

Question 18

r - interactions

Answer 18

hiking, fishing, surfing, snow sports,

Question 19

r - impacts

Answer 19

erosion and rubbish through high visitation, need for amenities, encourages visitation, which improves health and wellbeing which can lead to conservation interactions

Question 20

economic

Answer 20

based upon the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services - motivations linked directly to an economic benefit

Question 21

e - perceptions

Answer 21

viewing the land as a resource, utilising it to make a profit

Question 22

e - interactions

Answer 22

agriculture, tours, forestry, commercial fishing

Question 23

e - impacts

Answer 23

long term damage, increased erosion, loss of topsoil salinity, loss of biodiversity, can lead to greater care for the environment as it needs to regenerate

Question 24

specific example - conservation

Answer 24

culling of samba deer
leads to decreased amount of soil compaction due to less hard-hooved animals

Question 25

specific example - recreation

Answer 25

hiking leads to increased rubbish and erosion due to high visitation need for amenities

Question 26

specific example - economic

Answer 26

agriculture - gleneladale flats leads to loss of biodiversity and habitat fragmentation

Question 27

what is a conflict?

Answer 27

a conflict is a disagreement, a serious incompatibility between two or more opinions, typically on how the environment should be used

Question 28

methods

Answer 28

actions taken to try and influence a decision adapts a range of methods to influence the decision making process

Question 29

method - petitions

Answer 29

a - easy to conduct and tend to gain a lot of support d - people sign having little knowledge about the issue so unless numbers are huge they have little impact

Question 30

methods - use of prominent people

Answer 30

a - people look up to prominent people, will replicate their behaviour d - people many not trust what they are saying

Question 31

methods - gathering evidence

Answer 31

a - shows the level of understanding and provides the community with a well rounded view d - quite time consuming

Question 32

methods - convened community meetings

Answer 32

a - members of the community are able to ask questions and become more informed d - meetings are often poorly attended

Question 33

processes

Answer 33

must occur to find some kind of resolution

Question 34

processes - community consultation

Answer 34

a - provides opportunity for all views to be heard, promotes ability for compromise d - may be very time consuming and no agreement found

Question 35

processes - legislation

Answer 35

a - a clear decision can be made d - creates a win - lose situation

Question 36

processes - management plans

Answer 36

a - they can confine impacts to a certain area, enabling efficient management d - can create a conflict between user groups, if one is excluded from their activities

Question 37

specific example - commercial logging against

Answer 37

central high lands proposal to great a national park Victorian national Parks Association(VNPA) great Forest National Park working group stance - would safeguard the habitats of endangered species and protect the environments petitions and prominent people community consultation no resolve

Question 38

specific example - commercial logging for

Answer 38

central high lands proposal to great a national park Victorian forestry industry some recreational interest groups stance - state forests should remain, keep the industry open, prevent a loss of jobs gathering evidence and convened community meetings community consultation no resolve

Question 39

Australian Liberal Party

Answer 39

right economic sided, little to no interest in the environment

Question 40

Australian Labor Party

Answer 40

centre left kind of equal beliefs

Question 41

Australian Greens Party

Answer 41

left very environmentally focused

Question 42

stance on greenhouse gas emission - Liberal

Answer 42

net zero by 2050, through technologies not taxes reduce emissions 26 to 28 percent by 2030

Question 43

stance on greenhouse gas emission - Labor

Answer 43

net zero buy 2050 reduce emissions by 43% by 2030

Question 44

stance on greenhouse gas emission - Greens

Answer 44

net zero by 2035 or sooner

Question 45

stance on renewable energy - Liberal

Answer 45

throw some money at money - invested 40 billion

Question 46

stance on renewable energy - Labor

Answer 46

penetration to grow to 82% by 2030

Question 47

stance on renewable energy - Greens

Answer 47

rapid transition to 100% replace every coal fired power plant in the country by 2030 to deal with climate change

Question 48

influence on p.i.i if liberal

Answer 48

p - perceptions will not change, view environment as an unlimited resource I - interactions will also not alter or will slightly alter. I - impacts will stay negative, but slightly go positive

Question 49

influence on p.i.i if labor

Answer 49

p - perceptions will slightly alter will border a museum and resource outlook I - interactions may change to be more conservation I - if interactions altered more positive impacts

Question 50

influence on p.i.i if greens

Answer 50

p - perception will be that the environment is a museum and needs to be looked after I - interactions will be very conservation based to preserve the environment I - impacts will typically be positive at a way to improve the environment

Question 51

what is a debate?

Answer 51

conversation about a topic or issue, typically two opposing sides

Question 52

what is climate change?

Answer 52

refers to a change in climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere

Question 53

climate sceptics

Answer 53

believe it has nothing to do with human activities, the earth has naturally warmed and cooled for thousands of years

Question 54

climate scientists

Answer 54

believe it is directly or in directly related to human activities

Question 55

two main sides to climate change debate

Answer 55

1. those that see it as a human influenced change 2. those who see it as natural

Question 56

sceptics - perceptions

Answer 56

hold the perception that it is a natural process, the earth has cooled and warmed for thousands of years

Question 57

sceptics - interactions

Answer 57

interactions will not change as they do not believe it is not attributed to their interactions

Question 58

sceptics - impacts

Answer 58

they will believe their impacts are not negative or harming the environment

Question 59

scientists - perceptions

Answer 59

hold the belief that it is directly attributed to human activities

Question 60

scientists - interactions

Answer 60

interactions will be altered to limit the amount of fossil fuels used

Question 61

scientists - impacts

Answer 61

typically posititive, will be trying to limit the amount of emissions put into the environment