UNIT 3 AOS 1: NUCLEIC ACIDS & PROTEINS

Question 1

What Are Compounds Produced By?

Answer 1

Compounds are produced by organisms tht contain hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) bonds, these are called organic compounds

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

Something made of only one type of atom

Question 3

What Is A Compound?

Answer 3

Two atoms of different elements that have bonded together

Question 4

Covalent Bonds

Answer 4

Nonmental atoms shared by electrons eg. H2O and O2

Question 5

Ionic Bonds

Answer 5

Atoms donate or recieve electrons to become charged (ions). eg. NaCl

Question 6

Hydrogen Bonding

Answer 6

A hydrogen, bound to oxygen or nitrogen is attracted to an oxygen or nitrogen on another molecule

Question 7

Charge

Answer 7

Atoms and molecules can carry a positive or negative charge

Question 8

What are Ions?

Answer 8

Highly charged atoms that have lost or gained electrons

Question 9

Polar Molecules

Answer 9

Are weakly charged as the shared electrons in a molecule can move to different atoms

Question 10

Electron

Answer 10

A small particle with a negative charge that is found in all atoms

Question 11

Why Is Water Polar?

Answer 11

Water is polar so it happily interacts with other polar molecules but not with nonpolar

Question 12

Polar Molecules: Characteristics

Answer 12

• Readily impact with and dissolve in water
• Hydrophilic (water-loving)

Question 13

Nonpolar Substances: Characterisitics

Answer 13

• Repel or fail to mix with water
• Hydrophobic (water-hating)

Question 14

Lipophilic Substances

Answer 14

Tend to combine with or dissolve in lipids or fats, although lipophobic ones dont

Question 15

Biomacromolecule

Answer 15

Large molecules that are involved in life

Question 16

What Are Biomacromolecules Made From?

Answer 16

Organic polymers made from chains of monomers that form polymers

Question 17

Organic

Answer 17

Containing hydrogen and carbon

Question 18

Monomers

Answer 18

molecule that form the smallest basic unit of a polymer

Question 19

Polymers

Answer 19

large molecules that are made up of small repeated monomer subunits

Question 20

Four Main Biomacromolecules

Answer 20

• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Lipids
• Nucleic Acids

Question 21

Amino Acids

Answer 21

Molecules that combine to form proteins

Question 22

Nucleic Acid

Answer 22

Large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses eg. DNA and RNA

Question 23

Carbohydrates Characteristics

Answer 23

• Sugars or our main source of energy also called saccharides
• Can be linear or in a ring, being in a ring means they can be bound together