Unit 3 Flashcards
What is the First Principle of Fingerprints?
A fingerprint is an individual characteristic, no two finger prints have identical characteristics
ridge characteristics
Identity, number, and relative location of defining characteristics
What is the Second Principle of Fingerpritns?
A fingerprint will remain unchanged during an individual’s lifetime.
latent fingerprints
prints caused when a finger touches a surface and perspiration and body oils are transferred to the surface
What is the Third Principle of Fingerprints?
Fingerprints have general ridge patterns that permit them to be systematically classified
type lines
pattern area of a loop surrounded by two diverging ridges
delta
ridge point nearest the type-line divergence
core
approximate center of the pattern where ridges curve or circle
loop
must have one or more ridges that enter one side of a print, re-curve, then exit from the same side
ulnar loop
loop opens toward little finger
radial loop
loop opens toward the thumb
whorl
contain at least one or more cores and a minimum of two deltas
double loop
comprised of two loops combined into one print
arch
have no cores or deltas
plain arch
formed by ridges entering from one side of the print, raising slightly, and exiting on the opposite side
tented arch
appears similar to plain arch but has a sharp upward thrust
AFIS
Automated Fingerprint Identification System
visible prints
prints created after fingers have come in contact with a colored material
plastic prints
prints created after fingers come in contact with a soft material
dusting
most effective way to obtain prints from rigid, non-porous surfaces
iodine fuming
way to develop prints on a porous surface
ninhydrin solution
used on porous surfaces to form a purple compound showing a latent print
