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Church history > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

a heretical sect that saw all of the created world as evil, opposed the priesthood, and rejected the dogma of the Eucharist

A

Albigensians-

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2
Q

brought a drastic loss of clergy which led to ill-prepared men being ordained to the priesthood

A

Black Death

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3
Q

stressed solitude, manual labor and poverty

A

Cistercians-

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4
Q

gave Church councils (sometimes appointed by secular leaders) supremacy over popes

A

Conciliar movement

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5
Q

among the greatest intellectuals of the time

A

Dominicans-

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6
Q

displaying and praying before the exposed Blessed Sacrament

A

Eucharistic Adoration

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7
Q

In the first crusade what Pope was involved

A

Byzantine emperor asked Pope Urban II for protection against invading Turkish Muslims

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8
Q

Status with Jerusalem in the first crusade

A

Turks besieged Jerusalem and prevented Christians from visiting

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9
Q

What happened in the fourth crusade

A

Crusaders pillaged Constantinople, vandalizing sacred places and attacking the citizens

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10
Q

the first mendicant order that imitated Christ and his poverty by begging for sustenance

A

Franciscans-

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11
Q

a split within the Church that lasted from 1378 to 1417 where there were two or three claimants to the papacy at once

A

Great Western Schism

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12
Q

established to root out all heresies by Pope Gregory IX

A

Medieval Inquisition

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13
Q

Who were the inquisitors in the Medieval Inquisition

A

Franciscans and Dominicans

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14
Q

Goal of the Medieval Inquisition and punishments

A

conversion; penalties included fasting, pilgrimages, more Masses, certain clothing; only 1% were killed

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15
Q

traveled from town to town preaching, teaching, and serving the poor while relying on charity for their basic needs

A

Mendicant orders

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16
Q

fought King Philip II over taxing the clergy

A

Pope Boniface VIII

17
Q

moved the papacy to Avignon, France

A

Pope Clement V-

18
Q

moved the papacy back to Rome

A

Pope Gregory XI

19
Q

a medieval method of thinking, teaching and writing; arrived at the truth by dialogue and dialectical reasoning between two or more people

A

Scholasticism-

20
Q

reconciled the logic of Aristotle with the truths of the Church, focused on knowledge about God

A

Scholasticism-

21
Q

established to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in Spain by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella

A

Spanish Inquisition

22
Q

Punishment of Spanish Inquisition

A

persecuted Jews, Muslims and Protestants

23
Q

Goal and penalty of Spanish Inquisition

A

goal was to get rid of everyone not Catholic; penalty was death; Pope objected; King and Queen cut him out

24
Q

great medieval mystic credited with persuading the Pope to return to Rome

A

St. Catherine of Siena

25
Q

wrote Summa Theologica, to show the existence of God and our relationship with him

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

26
Q

provided beautiful light, depicted events from Scripture and Church history, provided religious instruction for the illiterate

A

Stained glass

27
Q

Church doctrine that the substance of bread and wine is transformed in the Eucharist into the Real Presence of Jesus Christ through his Body and Blood

A

Transubstantiation-

28
Q

rise of nationalism, moved headquarters to Avignon, the conciliar movement

A

Weakened papacy

29
Q

Seven canons issued by Lateran Council IV:

A
  1. Enforcing clerical celibacy
  2. Ending the practices of simony and nepotism
  3. Must confess mortal sins once a year and before receiving the Eucharist
  4. Seal of the confessional
  5. Must receive the Eucharist on Easter Sunday
  6. Seven Sacraments
  7. Defining Transubstantiation
30
Q

Second crusade

A

Most disastrous, lost Jerusalem

31
Q

Third crusade

A

Launched by kings of England, failed to regain Jerusalem but secured rights for visiting

32
Q

Pros from crusades

A
  • scholars exposed Western Europe to advances in education from contact with Muslims.
  • crusaders brought back works of Greek philopshers
  • works influenced Thomas and other religious scholars

Church history (4 decks)

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