Unit 3 Flashcards
pre- industrial stage
death rate and birth rate are high
transitional stage
declining death rates due to increased food production and improved medical care
high birth rates- people haven’t grown used to new economic and social conditions
industrial stage
birth rates fall to meet death rate due to increased opportunities for women and access to birth control
post- industrial stage
birth and death rate are both low
infant mortality rates
the frequency of children dying in infancy
total fertility rate
the average number of children born per woman during her lifetime
replacement fertility
total fertility rate that keeps the size of a population stable
rate of natural increase
change due to birth and death rates alone
biocapacity
the amount of biologically productive land and sea available to us
demographic fatigue
too much population growth, problems grow worse
monocultures
large expanses of single crop types- makes planting and harvesting more efficient but reduces biodiversity
integrated pest management
incorporates numerous pest management techniques including biocontrol, use of chemicals when needed, close monitoring of populations, habitat alteration, crop rotation, transgenic crops, alternative tillage methods, and mechanical pest removal
