Unit 3 Flashcards
Mycenean
An INdo-European people who settled on the Greek Mainland around 2000 BC
Trojan War
A war fought around 1,200 BC in which an army lead by Mycenean Kings attacked the independent trading city of Troy
Dorian
A Greek-Speaking people that migrated to mainland Greece after the destruction of the Mycenean Civilization
Homer
A blind man who composed epics
Epic
A long, narrative poem celebrating the deeds of legendary or traditional heroes
Myths
A traditional story about gods, ancestors or heroes, told to explain the natural world or the customs and beliefs of society
Polis
A Greek City-State; the fundamental political unit of ancient Greece after about 750 BC
Monarchy
A government in which the power is held by one person
Aristocracy
A government in which the power is in the hands of a hereditary class or nobility
Oligarchy
Government System in which power is in the hands of a few people - especially one where the rule is based upon wealth
Tyrant
In ancient Greece, a powerful individual who gained control of a City-state’s government by appealing to the poor for support
Democracy
A government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives.
Helot
In ancient Sparta, a peasant bound to land
Phalanx
A military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields
Persian Wars
A series of wars in the fifth century BC in which Greek city-states battled the Persian Empire
Direct Democracy
A government in which citizens rule directly rather than through representatives
Classical art
The art in ancient Greece and Rome in which harmony, order, and proportion were emphasized
Tragedy
A serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character
Comedy
A humorous form of drama that includes slapstick or satire
Peloponnesian War
A war in which Athens and its allies defeated Sparta and its Allies
Philosopher
A thinker who uses logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, society, and human morality
Socrates
A classical Greek Philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy
Plato
An Athenian philosopher who founded the Platonist school of thought
Aristotle
A philosopher who founded the Lyceum and the Peripatetic school of Philosophy
Philip II
The king of Macedonia who was a brilliant general and ruthless politician
Macedonia
A land North of Greece with a cold climate and rough terrain
Alexander the Great
The next king of Macedonia who united the Greek City-States and lead the Carthian League
Darius III
A Persian King who raised a large army to invade Macedonia
Hellenistic
Relating to the civilization and culture of the Greek world from the reign of Alexander the Great late century BC
Alexandria
Egyptian City that became the foremost centre of commerce and Hellenistic civilization
Euclid
A mathematician who taught in Alexandria
Archimedes
A Hellenistic scientist who studied in Alexandria
Colossus of Rhodes
A large statue created on the island of Rhodes
