Unit 3

Question 1

Medulla

Answer 1

regulates breathing, heart rate, sneezing, salivating, and vomiting

Question 2

Pons

Answer 2

contributes to our sleeping and waking cycle, and helps to control our balance, eye movements, and swallowing

Question 3

Reticular activating system

Answer 3

important for alertness and also contributes to our daily cycle of waking and sleeping

Question 4

Cerebellum

Answer 4

important for coordinating movements, maintaining balance, and also influences attention and emotional response

Question 5

Superior colliculus

Answer 5

controls our orienting response tot he sudden presence of a visual stimulus

Question 6

Inferior colliculus

Answer 6

responsible for orienting attention to the sudden occurrence of a sound

Question 7

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 7

performs important waste removal and nutrient providing functions

Question 8

Basal ganglia

Answer 8

responsible for engaging planned physical movements, learning motor skills, and integrating sensory information, physical movement, and the reward system of the brain

Question 9

Nucleus accumbens

Answer 9

works with the basal ganglia to generate pleasurable experiences

Question 10

Amygdala

Answer 10

controls the creation of memory for emotional experiences and processing emotional content of stimuli

Question 11

Hippocampus

Answer 11

a key structure for creating new memories. Damage to this structure can cause amnesia

Question 12

Hypothalamus

Answer 12

regulates body temperature and helps coordinate biological drives, such as sex and aggression, by controlling the release of hormones by the pituitary gland.

Question 13

Thalamus

Answer 13

relay station for sending and receiving sensory information from the eyes, ears, skin, and tongue, to higher brain areas

Question 14

Cerebral cortex

Answer 14

thought, language, and personality

Question 15

Occipital lobes

Answer 15

devoted to early processing of visual information with direct connections from the regions of the thalamus that relay inputs from the eyes to our brain

Question 16

Parietal lobes

Answer 16

receive information about the visual world from the occipital lobes and use it to provide us with information for visually guided action

Question 17

Temporal lobes

Answer 17

receive inputs from the occipital cortex and use them to provide information about the identity and meaning of visual stimuli

Question 18

Frontal lobes

Answer 18

thought of as the executive control center of the brain

Question 19

Corpus callosum

Answer 19

connects the two hemispheres of the brain

Question 20

Split-brain patients: items presented to the left and right visual field result in:

Answer 20

right visual field: verbally identify

left visual field: cannot be verbally identified but can use their left hand to point at it

Question 21

Neuroplasticity

Answer 21

the brain’s capacity to change its structure as a consequence of experience and learning

Question 22

Lesioning

Answer 22

causing brain damage in animals and then measuring what effect the damage has on their behaviour