Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 20 > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the order of immune response?

A
  1. antigen enters the body
  2. Macrophage (phagocytosis) engulf antigen
  3. Helper T cells copy antigen shape
  4. Helper T cells tell helper B cells to make antibodies
  5. Antibodies attach to antigens
  6. Macrophage engulf antigen
  7. Suppressor T cells stop the response
  8. Memory T cells remember the antigen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens when you exhale? (Intercostals, diaphragm, air pressure, thoracic volume, abdominal muscles, rib cage)

A 
Intercostal- relax 
Diaphragm- relaxes
Air pressure - increase
Thoracic volume -decrease
Abdominal muscles- contract 
Rib cage - down and in
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens when you inhale? (Intercostals, diaphragm, air pressure, thoracic volume, abdominal muscles, rib cage)

A 
Intercostal- contract  
Diaphragm- contract
Air pressure - decrease
Thoracic volume -increase
Abdominal muscles- relax
Rib cage - up and out
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which sources of energy do we use first, second and third?

A
  1. Creatine
  2. Aerobic
  3. Anaerobic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does Creatine do?

A

Builds up when muscle is at rest, fastest way to make ATP but only lasts for 8 seconds. The breakdown of creatine phosphate donates a P to ADP to make ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does Aerobic do?

A

Provides musicales with the most ATP, oxygen is required, Glycogen in muscle cells provide glucose necessary for respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does Anaerobic do?

A

If lactic acid builds up cramping occurs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is actin?

A

Composed of two strands of proteins called actin binds to myosin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is myosin?

A

Composed of two strands of proteins called myosin, each myosin molecule is made of 2 polypeptide chains wrapped around each other binds to actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is muscle contractions?

A
  1. The myosin head is attached to the actin
  2. The myosin head flexes advancing the actin filament
  3. The myosin head releases and unflexes powered by ATP
  4. The myosin reattached to the actin further along the fibre
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is antagonistic muscles?

A

Pair of muscles that work against each other to make a joint move. (Biceps, triceps)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Muscle fibre consists of..

A

Myoglobin
Sarcolemma
Sarcoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does myoglobin do?

A

Stored oxygen for muscle contractions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is sarcolemma?

A

Membrane of muscle fibre.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is sarcoplasm?

A

Cytoplasm of muscle fibre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three steps of Urine formation?

A
  1. Filteration
  2. Reabsorbtion
  3. Secretion
17
Q

Explain what filteration is and where it occurs. What remains in the blood?

A

Blood enters the glomerulus. This blood has high pressure this forces substances into the bowmans capsule. Blood cells proteins and platelets remain in blood.

18
Q

Explain what reabsorbtion is and where it occurs. What returns to the blood?

A

Occurs in the proximal tubule, filterate is absorbed back into the blood by active and passive transport and osmosis. 1ml formed from 120ml filtrate. Glucose amino acids and mineral salts are returned water is reabsorbed by osmosis. As waste moves trough tubule is becomes more concentrated.

19
Q

Explain what secreation is and where it occurs. What remains?

A

Occurs is distal tubule. Nitrogen actively transported from blood to nephron what remains is urine.

20
Q

What is in urine?

A

Excess sugars, salts, H+ ions and H20 (urea and uric acid)

21
Q

What happens in the cortex?

A

This is where filteration occurs.

22
Q

What does the medulla do?

A

Responsible for water absorption.

23
Q

What does the renal pelvis do?

A

Collects waste (urine) joins kidney to ureter.

24
Q

What does the afferent arteriole do?

A

Brings blood to the glomerulus from the renal artery.

25
Q

What does the efferent arteriole do?

A

Leaves glomerulus takes blood to capillary net.

26
Q

What does the loop of Henle do?

A

Descends into the medulla, connects the proximal tubule to the distal tubule.

27
Q

What is the order of the blood vessels?

A

Arteries - arterioles - capillaries - venues - veins - heart

Bio 20 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions