Unit 3 Flashcards
Function of a nucleus
Controls the cells activities because it contains chromosomes (DNA)
Function of a nucleolus
Produce ribosomes
Function of a mitochondria
Supplies energy to the cell by breaking down glucose into ATP *generator
Function of a lysosome
Digests old worn out parts and bacteria (suicide sac)
Function of plasma membrane
Surrounds cell and controls what enters and exits the cell
Function of the Endoplasmic reticulum
Transports proteins through the cell
Function of the vacuole
Stores water, food, etc, for the cell
Function of the Golgi body
Packages proteins before they leave the cell
Function of the Chromosomes
Contains DNA (genetic instructions for life)
Function of a ribosome
Assembles proteins and puts them into the E.R.
Nucleus: Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
Eu.
Nucleolus: Pro/Eu
Eu
Mitochondria: Pro/Eu
Eu
Lysosome: Pro/Eu
Eu
Plasma membrane: Pro/Eu
Eu
Endoplasmic reticulum: pro/eu
Eu
Vacuole: Pro/Eu
Eu
Golgi Body: Pro/Eu
Eu
Chromosomes: Pro/Eu
Both
-Plants=circular -Animals=linear
Ribosome: Pro/Eu
Both
Who used a microscope to examine a thin slice of cork?
Robert Hooke (1665)
Who was the Dutch microscope maker who was the first to see living organisms?
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1673)
Who was the German botanist that concluded that all plants are made of cells?
Matthias Schleiden (1838)
Who was the German zoologist that concluded that all animals are made of cells?
Theodor Schwann (1839)
Who was the German medical doctor that saw dividing cells in the microscope and reasoned that cells came from other cells?
Rudolph Virchow (1855)
All living things are made of ______ (Cell Theory)
cells
Cells are the basic unit of ______ and _____ in an organism. (cell=basic unit of _____)
structure and function, life
Cells come from the reproduction of _____ cells
existing
Multicellular organisms don’t just have many cells…
They have different kinds of cells doing different jobs
Cells in a multi-cellular organism become ______ by turning different ______ on and off
specialized, genes
cell specialization=
differentiation
Pattern of the make up of organisms
atoms-molecules-organelles-cells-tissues-organs-organ systems-organism
DNA=?
Genes
What form do chromosomes come in?
Starfish, they are wounded together
What form do chromatin come in?
Spaghetti, unwounded
Is there “organization” meaning every organelle has its own compartment in a prokaryotic cell?
no
Does a Eukaryotic cell have organization?
Yes it has compartments for each organelle
Eu=
You
Pro=
No-no nucleus or organelles
What is the flagella?
The tail on the end of a pro.
What are the hairs off of the eu. called?
cilia
Prokarytic cells are the _____ cell
original
Eukaryotic cells evolved from…
Prokaryotes
In Prokaryotic cells, info. is contained within the _____ and does not contain _____.
cytoplasm, membrane- bound organelles
Prokaryotic cells do contain ______ For ex. _____ and ______
DNA+Ribosomes, bacteria and e. coli
A Euakryotic cell ____ contain membrane-bound organelles. And it does contain _____ For ex. ___, ____, _____ and ______
does. DNA+Ribosomes. Ex: animals, plant, fungi, and protists
This is very large in plants and it is used as a place to store extra food, water, etc.
Vacuole
This helps animal cells during cell division
centrioles
Protein synthesis occurs here
ribosomes
Invented the simple microscope
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Green pigment that traps energy from the sun
chlorophyll
Can be used to view the inside of dead specimen only
transmission electron microscope
Hires the workers
manager, nucleolus
The Golgi body’s factory function
packaging+shipping department
Prokaryotic+Eu. cells have this organelle in common
Ribosomes
Passes a beam of electrons over the surface of the specimen
Scanning electron microscope
Who concluded that all animals are made of cells
Theodor Schwann
