Unit 3 Flashcards
viral inhibition
surrounds virus in antibodies inhibiting them from binding to host cell
opsonization
antibodies coat outside of pathogen, marking the cell for phagocytosis (come phagocytose me)
aggutination
combine with antigens on cell surface and bind pathogen cells together restricting movement
neutralization
antibodies bind to exotoxins to inactive them by blocking enzyme active site
precipitation
antibodies bind to exotoxins cluming exotoxins together making inactive, eventually precipitate out of solution
active immunity
allows to development of memory cells that will produce antibodies
passive immunity
intro of antibodies from outside source so have no memory cells developed
Attenuated vaccines
living bacteria or active viruses treated in a way to make it ineffective at damage/non-pathogenic. advantages, most long term memory, can transmit attenuated microbe to another. disadvantages, possibility of mutation, higher cost to transport/maintain alive
Dead vaccines
made from dead bacteria/ inactivated viruses. memory wont be as long term. advantages, safer, cheeper to make/transport
Subunit vaccine/toxoid vaccines
taking parts of cell that most likely antigenic, not using whole cell, modified exotoin so it wont cause damage but is recognized as foreign. Shorter term memory, very safe
Treatment for Gram + bacteria
penicillin, it breaks down lps layer
Treatment for Gram - bacteria
tetracycline, it prevents protein synthesis
syphilis
Treponema pallidum
cholera
Vibrio cholerae
Botulism
Clostridium botulinum
Tetanus
Clostridium tetani
plague
Yersinia pesteis
leprosy
Mycobacterium leprae
