Unit 3 1800- Present day uprsings Flashcards
Who did 100,000 working class people go to see in 1819?
Henry Hunt
Who arrived while Henry Hunt was talking?
Cavalry
How many people were injured and killed in the Peterloo massacre?
Over 600 injured and 15 killed
What was wrong with the voting system the the early 1800’s?
No secret ballot
MPs weren’t evenly spread out
People could be bribed for their votes
Which party wanted reform in 1832?
The Whigs
What is the house of commons?
A group of elected MPs who debated and made new laws
What is the House of Lords?
A group of unelected who debated new laws made by the House of Commons
How many times did Earl Grey try to pass the Great Reform Act through the House of Lords?
Three times
How did Earl Grey finally get the Great Reform Act through the House of Lords?
He asked King William IV to replace the Tory Lords with Whig lords
What were the 5 main acts of the Great Reform Act?
56 very small towns lost their MP 30 small towns lost one MP Large towns and cities gained MPs People who earned £150 a year could vote Voters increased from 235,000 to 652,000
Why didn’t the working class like the Great Reform Act?
They didn’t like the Great Reform Act as it didn’t give them the vote as they only earned around £50 a year
What proportion of people could vote in 1832?
1 in 7
What 6 things did the Chartists want?
- Secret ballots
- Wages for MPs
- Votes for all men
- Equal sized constituencies
- An election every year
- No property qualifications to be able to vote
Who led the chartists first?
William Lovett
Who led the chartists after William Lovett?
Feargus O’Connor
What did William Lovett believe in?
Peaceful methods of protesting
What did Feargus O’Connor believe in?
Violent methods of protesting
How did the Chartists fail in the short term?
Strong parliamentary opposition
Divided leadership of Lovett and O’Connor
None of their demands were met when they were disbanded
How did the Chartists succeed in the long term?
5 out of 6 of their aims were achieved in the next 50 yrs
Secret ballot was the biggest reform in the 19th century
Inspired other movements
Who led the Tolpuddle Martyrs?
George Loveless
Who were the Tolpuddle Martyrs?
A group of six who campaigned for better pay in the countryside They did this by starting a union to landowners
Why did the landowners not have to listen the Tolpuddle Martyrs?
The landowners could just get rid of the Martyrs as there were lots of people trying to get jobs in the countryside
What were the challenges of living in the countryside?
You were only paid 6 shillings a week
Why were the Tolpuddle Martyrs arrested?
The Tolpuddle Martyrs were arrested because they made a secret oath which was illegal
How were the Tolpuddle Martyrs punished?
The Tolpuddle Martyrs were sent to Australia for 7 years of hard labour
How did the public react to the Tolpuddle Martyrs?
The public reacted by campaigning for the return of the Tolpuddle Martyrs until they came home on 11th March 1836
What movement did William Wilberforce lead?
The Anti-Slavery movement
What did the Abolition act of 1833 do?
Freed all slaves under 6 and promised freedom to all slaves in the next four years
How was slave resistance important in the abolition movement?
Put pressure on the land owners to release the slaves from captivity
How old were children that worked with machines?
As young as 4 years old
Who made the most change in the factories?
Robert Owen
How did Robert Owen change the factories?
He made factory owners give children 8 hours work, 8 hours recreation and 8 hours rest
How were the factory and mine acts significant?
These acts made it so that children worked shorter hours in the factories and weren’t allowed in the mines
What were the corn laws?
Tariffs that made imported food and grain more expensive
Was the anti-corn law league successful?
Yes as the corn laws were repealed in 1846 and the price of corn fell so the normal population could afford it again
