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Unit 3-Diverse of Life > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

Fungi

1
Q

The fungi belong to the domain called

A

Eukarya

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2
Q

All cells composing a fungus have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles making these cells

A

eukaryotic

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3
Q

The fungi cannot make their own food and are termed

A

heterotroph

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4
Q

The fungi never contains

A

chloroplast and chlorophyll

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5
Q

Fungi do not have true

A

roots stems leaves

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6
Q

Fungi do not ____ their food

A

ingest

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7
Q

The fungi must live in or on their

A

food supply

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8
Q

The fungi secrete digestive

A

enzymes

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9
Q

Fungi food source and digestion occurs______ their bodies

A

outside

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10
Q

The digested material is then ____ by the fungal cells

A

absorbed

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11
Q

Fungi are largely responsible for ________ which recycles chemical elements from dead organisms and returns them to the ecosystem

A

decomposition

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12
Q

A few fungi are____ and feed upon other living organism

A

parasites

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13
Q

The living organism that a fungus feeds upon is called the

A

host

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14
Q

The fungi cell wall is composed of a different material than that found in the cell walls of plants. Plant cell walls are composed of

A

cellulose

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15
Q

The cell walls of fungi are composed of a material called

A

chitin

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16
Q

the same material is found in the _____of arthropods

A

exoskeleton

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17
Q

The fungi has no ______ requirements

A

light

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18
Q

Fungi thrive best in

A

darkness

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19
Q

Fungi prefer a ______ environment

A

damp

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20
Q

They prefer _____ conditions

A

warmth

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21
Q

But can survive in _____ conditions

A

cold

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22
Q

All fungi reproduce by producing

A

spores

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23
Q

The fungi can reproduce _____ and ____________

A

sexually and asexually

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24
Q

All fungi are what except for yeasts

A

multicellular

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25
Q

Yeasts are the only fungi that are

A

unicellular

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26
Q

Long, branching chains and filaments of cell called

A

hyphea

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27
Q

Some fungi have ______ that divide the filaments into cells

A

cross walls

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28
Q

The structure of cross walls is called

A

septa

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29
Q

The thick, tangled mass of hyphae composing a fungus is called

A

mycelium

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30
Q

_____is a reproductive structure found in many fungi

A

fruiting body

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31
Q

Asexual reproductive cells produced by the fungi called

A

spores

32
Q

The_____ is the structure that produces the spores

A

sporangium

33
Q

The____ is the type of hypha that holds up the sporangium so that the wind can carry away the spores

A

sporangiophore

34
Q

________ are hyphae that spread the fungus across the surface of the substrate

A

Stolon

35
Q

Root like structures that anchor the fungus to the substrate and absorb water and minerals called

A

rhizoid

36
Q

This is a method of asexual reproduction that occurs when cells or hyphae break off from the fungus and begin to grow on their own

A

fragmentation

37
Q

Yeasts reproduce asexually by

A

budding

38
Q

Fungi are neither ____ or _____

A

female male

39
Q

The mating types are referred as _____ and _____

A

plus minus

40
Q

When two hyphae fuse a _____ results

A

zygote

41
Q

This structure then divides by_____ to produce a genetically different haploid organism

A

meiosis

42
Q

The advantage of reproduction is that ______ offsprings will be produced

A

many

43
Q

The advantage of sexual reproduction is_____ in the offspring

A

variation

44
Q

The phylum of fungi that contains the imperfect fungi is called

A

deuteromycota

45
Q

The phylum of fungi that contains the common molds is called

A

zygomycota

46
Q

The phylum of fungi that contains the sac fungi is called

A

ascomycota

47
Q

The phylum of fungi that contains the club fungi is called

A

basidiomycota

48
Q

In the phylum zygomycota, zygotes develop into thick-walled structures called _____ that are able to withstand unfavorable conditions

A

zygospores

49
Q

An _____ is a sexual spore cells

A

acsus

50
Q

The reproductive structure that contains sexual spores is

A

ascospores

51
Q

Largest phylum of fungi contain over 30,000 different species is

A

ascomycota

52
Q

Many of the sac fungi produce asexual spores called

A

conidiospores

53
Q

These spores are held up by structures called

A

conidiophore

54
Q

Yeasts are fungi that are very important to man and are used in the _______ and _______ industries

A

baking brewing

55
Q

The granules found in a package of yeast purchased from a store are called

A

ascospores

56
Q

Bread dough contains very little

A

oxygen

57
Q

The yeasts survive in this environment by carrying out

A

alcohol fermentation

58
Q

During alcohol fermentation two wastes are produced called ____________________ and ______

A

carbon dioxide alcohol

59
Q

The carbon dioxide gas is responsible for making the bread dough

A

rise

60
Q

The fungi that are found in the phylum basidiomycota have specialized reproductive structures that are shaped like a

A

club

61
Q

The club shaped spore producing structure is called

A

basidium

62
Q

Basidia are found on the _______ that grow on the underside of a mushroom

A

gills

63
Q

Mushrooms produce a type of spore called

A

basidiospores

64
Q

The fruiting body of a mushroom is called

A

basidiocarp

65
Q

The phylum deuteromycota contains the ____ fungi

A

imperfect

66
Q

They are so called because scientists have never observed a ______ phase to their life cycle

A

sexual

67
Q

Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead and decaying matter. These are termed

A

saprophytes saprobes

68
Q

Some fungi are even ____and capture live roundworms to feed upon

A

carnivore

69
Q

Life on Earth would be cease to exist without fungi. In their role as what

A

decomposer

70
Q

The fungi after decomposes return to _______ to the ecosystem so that they may be used in the bodies of new organism

A

chemical element

71
Q

Athlete foot and ringworm are two diseases caused by

A

parasitic

72
Q

In a relationship called______ both organism will benefit from the relationship

A

mutualism

73
Q

The relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped is called

A

commensalism

74
Q

The relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed

A

parasitism

75
Q

There is a relationship in what with fungus and a particular type of algae

A

lichen

Unit 3-Diverse of Life (1 decks)

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