unit 3

Question 1

order of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Answer 1

radio waves
microwaves
infrared radiation
visible light
ultraviolet
x rays
gamma rays

Question 2

as electrons move from the ground to excited state they ___

Answer 2

absorb energy, then release it to go back down, releasing a photon of light

Question 3

Young’s Double Slit experiment showed

Answer 3

an interference pattern, proving light travels in wave

Question 4

constructive interference

Answer 4

causes bright spots

Question 5

destructive interference

Answer 5

causes dark spots

Question 6

dual nature of light

Answer 6

light can behave as a wave or as a particle

Question 6

Bohr model of the electron

Answer 6

electrons exist in energy levels that are certain distances from the nuclues (in orbits)

Question 6

orbital

Answer 6

region of space where there is a 90% chance of finding an electron

Question 7

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Answer 7

it is impossible to determine with certainty both the position and momentum of a property

Question 8

quantam number- n

Answer 8

describes the main energy level in which the electron is located (floors of the building)

Question 9

quantum number- l

Answer 9

describes the shape of the orbital (apartments on the floors)

Question 10

quantum number- m

Answer 10

describes the # of orbitals per sublevel- orientations (rooms in the apartments)

Question 11

quantum number m^s

Answer 11

describes the “spin” of an electron (people in the rooms)

Question 12

Aufbau exceptions

Answer 12

Cr & Cu

Question 13

Cr configuration

Answer 13

(Ar) 4s1 3d5

Question 14

Cu configuration

Answer 14

(Ar) 4s1 3d10

Question 15

Alkali metals

Answer 15

group 1
- soft, reactive metals, 1+ ions
- react w/ water to form a base/alkaline solution & hydrogen gas

Question 16

Alkaline Earth Metals

Answer 16

group 2
- harder & denser, 2+ ions
- reacts weaker w/ water

Question 17

Halogens

Answer 17

group 17 (non-metals)
- very reactive
- salt formers

Question 18

Noble Gases

Answer 18

group 18 (non-metals)
- unreactive/inert
- do nnot form ions

Question 19

metals

Answer 19

• conduct heat & electricity
• malleable, ductile, & luster

Question 20

nonmetals

Answer 20

• poor conductors

Question 21

metalloids

Answer 21

• show mixture of metallic & nonmetallic properties
• form “ladder” in periodic table

Question 22

atomic radius

Answer 22

1/2 the distance between the nuclei of 2 like atoms joined together

Question 23

atomic radius ____ down a group

Answer 23

increases, b/c electron shielding

Question 24

atomic radius _____ across a period

Answer 24

decreases, b/c nuclear charge

Question 25

electron shielding

Answer 25

inner e-s shield the valence e-s from the attractive force of the nucleus

Question 26

nuclear charge

Answer 26

as protons are added to the nucleus there is more attractive force w/ the e-s

Question 27

ionization energy (e¡)

Answer 27

energy required to remove an e- (kJ/mol)

Question 28

ionization energy (e¡) ____ down a group

Answer 28

decreases b/c electron shielding

Question 29

ionization energy (e¡) ____ across a period

Answer 29

increases b/c nuclear charge

Question 30

ionic size- cations (+)

Answer 30

ionic size decreases when it loses a valence e- b/c it loses energy level and attraction is increased

Question 31

ionic size- anions (-)

Answer 31

ionic size increases when it gains a valence e- b/c attraction descreases

Question 32

diatomic elements

Answer 32

made up of two atoms "honclbrif" H2O2N2Cl2Br2I2F2