Unit-3

Question 1

Carnatic wars(dates, reasons)

Answer 1

1st: 1740-48(Austrian war of succession)
2nd: 1749-54(Nasir jung vs Muzaffar jung in Hyd, Anwaruddin vs Chanda Sahib in Carnatic)
3rd: 1758-63(seven yrs’ war)

Question 2

Carnatic treaties

Answer 2

Aix la Chapelle(1748)
Pondicherry(1754)
Paris(1763)

Question 3

Anglo-Mysore wars(dates, treaties)

Answer 3

1st: 1767-69(Tr. of Madras)
2nd: 1780-84(Tr. of Mangalore)
3rd: 1790-92(Tr. of Seringapatnam)
4th: 1798-99

Question 4

Anglo-Maratha wars(dates)

Answer 4

1st: 1775-82
2nd: 1803-05
3rd: 1817-19

Question 5

Stakeholders of 1st Anglo-Maratha and treaty

Answer 5

Madhav Rao I dies
Madhav Rao II (small boy) supported by Nobles
British want Salsette & Bassein
Raghunath Rao wants to be Peshwa
Treaty of Salbai(1782)

Question 6

Reason for 2nd Anglo-Maratha

Answer 6

Signing of Treaty of Bassein(subsidiary alliance)1802 by Peshwa Baji Rao II
Others viz Scindias, Holkars etc infuriated

Question 7

Anglo-Sikh wars(dates, treaty)

Answer 7

1st: 1845-46(ended with treaty of Lahore in 1846)
2nd: 1848-49(Annexation of Punjab in 1849)

Question 8

Ranjith Singh(treaty, death yr)

Answer 8

Treaty of Amritsar in 1809 with EIC
Died in 1839

Question 9

Eco impact of Brit rule

Traditional systems disrupted(eg)

Answer 9

Balutedari sys in MH: village artisans received crop shares for their services(~barter)

Question 10

Eco impact of Brit rule

Impact on forest cover

Answer 10

• Reduced form 40% to 20% during colonial rule
• Between 1880 and 1920, 13.3 mn hectares of forest converted to cultivated land.

Question 11

Eco impact of Brit rule

Brit trading firms in Ind(2)

Answer 11

Jardine Matheson
Balmer Lawrie

Question 12

Eco impact of Brit rule

Drain of wealth stat

Answer 12

Bw 1857 & 1947, 9.2 billion pounds(economist Angus Maddison)

Question 13

Eco impact of Brit rule

Cotton export ^(fact)

Answer 13

1.3mn in 1813 to
13.9mn in 1850(in pounds)

Question 14

Eco impact of Brit rule

Deindustrialization

Answer 14

In 1750:India produced 25% of world’s textiles
By 1900:It was importing 70% of its cotton goods from Britain

Question 15

Eco impact of Brit rule

Limited industrialization to serve Brit interests

Answer 15

By 1901, estd 36 jute mills in Bengal to process raw jute for Brit industries

Question 16

Eco impact of Brit rule

Devt of modern industry eg

Answer 16

1st cotton textile mill in Bombay by Jamsetji Tata in 1854

Question 17

Eco impact of Brit rule

Rupee as uniform currency across Brit India

Answer 17

Indian Coinage act of 1835

Question 18

% of land & places under zamindari, ryotwari, mahalwari

Answer 18

19%(Bengal, Bihar, Odisa, Benaras, N.Madras)
52%(Madras, Bombay)
29%(Punjab, Central India)

Question 19

zamindari, ryotwari, mahalwari introduced by

Answer 19

Cornwallis
Thomas Munro, Alexander Reed
Holt Mackenzie, Martin Bird

Question 20

Social mobility due to
Zamindari
Ryotwari
Mahalwari

Answer 20

Tagore family in Bengal
Maratha Kunbis in MH
Lambardars in Punjab

Question 21

Battle of Plassey main consequence

Answer 21

EIC got zamindari rts of 24 parganas & took over french settlements in Bengal

Question 22

Railways

Administrative integration

Answer 22

Punjab Mail connected Lahore to Delhi(administering Punjab region)

Question 23

Railways

Resource exploitation

Answer 23

Bengal Nagpur railway(coal transportation from Jharia coalfields)

Question 24

Railways

Strategic defence

Answer 24

NorthWestern State Railway(NWSR-agst potential threats from Afg, Russia)

Question 25

Railways

Commercialisation of agri

Answer 25

Great Indian Peninsula Railway(Bombay to interior peninsula)->to boost cotton export

Question 26

Railways

Famine relief

Answer 26

Great Indian famine of 1876-78->to transport grain