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213 > unit 3 > Flashcards

unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Myocardial infarction patho

A

Lack of oxygenated blood supply going to the heart. heart muscle damage

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2
Q

CLASSIC s/s of myocardial infarction

A

Chest pain, shoulder pain, left arm pain

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3
Q

other s/s of MI

A

Jaw and tooth pain, upper back pain, SOB, N/V, sweating, fatigue, skin may be ashy grey

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4
Q

what is a RCA MI

A

right coronary artery occlusion.

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5
Q

RCA MI symptoms

A

JVD, hypotension, N/V, bradycardia

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6
Q

left ventricular infarct symptoms

A

Dyspnea, tachycardia, HTN

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7
Q

Risk factors for MI

A

SMOKING, high ldl, type 2 diabetes, elevated adrenaline, obesity, inactivity, HTN

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8
Q

what is the gold standard test for a MI

A

ECG

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9
Q

MI diagnostic test

A

ECG, Echo, stress test, heart cath.

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10
Q

Lab data for MI

A

TRIPONIN-ELEVATED
CK- elevated
CK MB series-elevated
CMP
coags
ABG

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11
Q

immediate medication managment for MI

A

oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin,morphine,

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12
Q

medical managment medication post emergency.

A

beta blockers, ACE, anticoagulants

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13
Q

perfusion management of MI

A

fibrinolytic, percutaneous coronary interventions.

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14
Q

surgical management of MI

A

CABG

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15
Q

MI complications

A

Heart failure, arrhythmias

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16
Q

MI nursing interventions.

A

administer oxygen, insert 2 large-bore IV, continuous ECG, bed rest.

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17
Q

Cardiomyopathy patho

A

structural changes to the heart.
-weakening, enlargement, thicc or ridged, decrease function in heart.

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18
Q

cardiomyopathy S/S

A

chest pain, dizzy, indigestion, N/V, sweating, fatigue, palpitations, SHOB, edema of the legs,feet and abdomen, pulmonary congestion, abnormal heart sounds, JVD, enlarged liver, sleeplessness, cough, fainting, loss of appetite.

19
Q

cardiomyopathy risk factors

A

diabetes,HTN, hypercholesterolemia, high fat diet, obesity, family history, sedintary lifestyle, smoking.

20
Q

diagnosis of cardiomyopathy

A

chest xray,: enlarged heart, fluid in lungs
Echocardiogram: heart wall size, motion, ejection fraction

21
Q

Medications used to treat cardiomyopathy

A

ACE inhibitors, ARBS, beta block, diuretics.

22
Q

surgery’s for cardiomyopathy

A

pacemaker, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator, septal myectomy, surgical ventricular remodeling, transmyocardial revasculation, left ventricular assist device, heart transplant.

23
Q

cardiomyopathy complications

A

HF, dysrhythmias, thrombosis

24
Q

cardiomyopathy teachings

A

s/s of heart failure, medications, dietary restrictions, moderate exercise regiment.

25
Q

cardiogenic shock patho

A

heart muscles cannot contract

26
Q

cardiogenic shock symptoms

A

chest pain, diaphoresis, neausea, vomiting.

27
Q

cardiogenic shock diagnosis

A

cardiac enzymes, abgs, o2 sat, lactate level, cmp, lft, renal function test, ecg

28
Q

cardiogenic shock medication goals

A

increase bp, cardiac output and stable oxygenation.

29
Q

cardiac shock surgery

A

intra aortic balloon pump, mechanical circulatory support, heart transplant.

30
Q

cardiac shock teachings

A

rest periods, alllow family visits, fluid and sodium restrictions, s/s of heart failure.

31
Q

cardiac output

A

amount of blood ejected from left side of heart each minute

32
Q

4 determinates of cardiac output

A

HR, Preload, afterload, contractability

33
Q

cardiac output calculation

A

HR x stroke volume= CO

34
Q

normal CO in adults

A

4 to 7 L/min

35
Q

normal MAP score

A

70-100

36
Q

what is map

A

average pressure in arterial circulation throughout the cardiac cycle.

37
Q

MAP calculation

A

2X distolic+ systolic / 3

38
Q

age related changes in cardiac

A

left ventricle atrophy, decreased elasticity of aorta, valve rigidity, stenosis of heart valuve, stiffening vessels, HTN, atheriosclerosis of the veins.

39
Q

what can cause alterations in perfusion

A

early menopause, clotting disorders, congenital cardiac defects, CAD, MI, dysarrythmeas, HF

40
Q

modifiable risk factors for cardiac health

A

smoking, high bmi, physical activity

41
Q

secondary risk factors for cardiac diseases

A

HTN, cholesterol, stress, alcohol.

42
Q

screenings for cardiac health

A

BP, Lipid levels, ECG, stress test, echocardiogram

43
Q

markers of acute cardiac damage.

A

creatinine kinase
troponin
myoglobin
brain natriuretic peptide

44
Q
A

213 (6 decks)

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