UNIT 3 Flashcards
Acculturation
process of cultural change that occurs when people from different cultural backgrounds come into contact with one another.
Architecture
the art or practice of designing and constructing buildings:
Assimilation
the process of losing aspects of one’s native culture when integrating into a host culture.
Buddhism
The ‘Self’ Religion
Centrifugal force
forces or attitudes that tend to divide a state
Centripetal force
Centripetal forces are forces that bring people together in a country or a region.
christianity
The ‘Jesus’ religion
Colonialism
Colonialism is the practice of a country establishing and maintaining colonies in other parts of the world, typically for the purpose of economic exploitation, cultural assimilation, or political control.
Contagious diffusion
Contagious diffusion
Creolization
In its broadest sense, a process of cultural mixture referring specifically to the adoption of African, European, and Indigenous traits in language, religion, food, and identity in the Greater Caribbean area since the 1500s AD.
cultural convergence
Cultural convergence is the process by which two or more cultures begin to blend together, resulting in the sharing of values, beliefs, customs, and behaviors
cultural divergence
Cultural divergence is a phenomenon where distinct cultures evolve and separate over time, taking different paths in terms of beliefs and values.
Cultural hearth
A cultural hearth is a place of origin of a cultural trait. It is an area where civilizations first began and radiated customs, innovations, and ideologies that transformed the world.
cultural landscape
Landscape that has cultural significance
cultural relativism
Cultural relativism is the principle that an individual human’s beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual’s own culture.
culture
Culture is defined as a particular group’s material characteristics, behavioral patterns, beliefs, social norms, and attitudes that are shared and transmitted.
culture trait
cultural traits refer to the specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture
ethnicity
shared culture, including language, religion, and traditions, among other commonalities
ethnic neighborhood/enclave
An ethnic enclave is a neighborhood or larger territory whose population is largely ethnically distinguished from the surrounding area and its inhabitants. EG; China town
ethnic religion
religion that is associated with a particular ethnic or political group and is not intended to be spread to other people or places
ethnocentrist
tendency to judge other cultures by one’s own standards
expansion diffusion
type of cultural diffusion that occurs when a group of people spreads out from a central location and introduces their culture to new areas
Hinduism
The pyramid religion
gender
a culture’s assumptions about the differences between men and women, including their characters and the roles they play in society
globalization
It refers to the increasing connection of economic, cultural, and political characteristics across the world
hierarchical diffusion
type of cultural diffusion where culture spreads starting from the most powerful and influential people within the culture
imperialism
practice of a country extending its power and influence over other countries, typically through the use of military force, economic coercion, or cultural domination
Indigenous community
group of people that share collective ancestral ties to the lands and natural resources where they live or from which they have been displaced
Indo-european language family
The Indo-European language family is the largest language family. It includes European, some Asian, and newly adopted American languages. The Indo-European language family is a linguistic hypothesis
Islam
The Hijab religion
Judaism
The Spirital jew religion
Language dialect
a dialect is a geographically distinct version of a single language that varies somewhat from the parent form12345. Dialects have distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation
EG: Pop VS Soda
Language family
language family is a collection of languages related through a common prehistorical language that makes up the main trunk of language identity
Large-scale process
affects a larger area or group of people, such as a continent, a region, or the world.
Lingua franca
lingua franca is defined as “a language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages”
English is the lingua franca in most places.
linguistic
linguistic can refer to a distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation, locality, or social class
multiculturalism
the integration of a minority group into the dominant culture
placemaking
Placemaking is a collaborative process by which we can shape our public realm to maximize shared value
postmodern architecture
20th century movement that emerged as a reaction to the feeling of sterile alienation that many people get from modern architecture
relocation diffusion
It is the spread of cultural elements such as ideas, religions, cuisines, and customs through the movement of people from one place to another
sense of place
state of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion. It is the perception based on our emotional connection and association with a certain place
sequent occupancy
concept in geography that refers to the changes in human occupancy of an area over generations
syncretism
how cultures blend and mix to form a new culture trait
Sikhism
Sikhism is a religion created in the Early Modern area in South Asia as a ‘Cultural Blend’ between Islam and Hinduism
time-space convergence
the phenomenon wherein because of technology, distance between formerly far-off points have shrunk
Small-scale process
is a process that affects a relatively small area or group of people, such as a neighborhood, a city, or a country.
stimulus diffusion
the process of cultural change that occurs when a culture or a cultural item spreads to new areas. The culture or the cultural item receives a new and unique form in the new areas, while it may or may not stay the same in the original location
toponym
Name given to a place on Earth. Toponyms can be classified into four categories:
Descriptive: Toponyms that derive from physical features.
Associative: Toponyms that are associated with a place.
Incident: Toponyms that are associated with an event.
Possessive: Toponyms that are named for a person, perhaps the founder
trade
intergovernmental or diplomatic agreements on trade or foreign policy between member states
traditional architecture
pattern of land division used in an area
universalizing religion
universalizing religion is a type of religion that is meant to be universally applicable to all people, regardless of race, ethnicity, culture, or geographic location
urbanization
The process by which people live and are employed in a city.
isoglass
geographical boundary line marking the area in which a distinctive linguistic feature commonly occurs
pidgin language
language that develops when two or more different languages meet in one geographic region
dialects
geographically distinct versions of a single language that vary somewhat from the parent form
pilgramage
global human phenomenon
diaspora
group of people who don’t live in their original country but still maintain their heritage in their new land
fundamentalism
religious movement or point of view characterized by a return to fundamental principles, by rigid adherence to those principles, and often by intolerance of other views and opposition to secularis
taboo
A culturally acceptable thing that is unnacceptable in other cultures; Ex, eating dogs/horses
animism
type of religious belief that focuses on the roles of the various gods and spirits in the natural world and in human events
