Unit 3

Question 1

Name the 4 NEW ENGLAND colonies.

Answer 1

Massachusetts—New Hampshire—Connecticut—Rhode Island

Question 2

Name the 4 MIDDLE colonies.

Answer 2

New York—New Jersey—Pennsylvania—Delaware

Question 3

Name the 5 SOUTHERN colonies.

Answer 3

Virginia—Maryland—North Carolina—South Carolina—Georgia

Question 4

Who founded Virginia? What type of colony was it?

Answer 4

Virginia Company/Joint-Stock Company; Corporate Colony -> Royal Colony

Question 5

Who founded Maryland? What type of colony was it?

Answer 5

Lord Baltimore/George Calvert; Proprietary Colony

Question 6

Who founded North Carolina? What type of colony was it?

Answer 6

Eight Nobles; Proprietary Colony -> Royal Colony

Question 7

Who founded South Carolina? What type of colony was it?

Answer 7

Eight Nobles; Proprietary Colony -> Royal Colony

Question 8

Who founded Georgia? What type of colony was it?

Answer 8

James Oglethorpe; Proprietary -> Royal Colony

Question 9

Who founded Massachusetts? What type of colony was it?

Answer 9

Massachusetts Bay Company/Puritans; Royal Colony

Question 10

Who founded New Hampshire? What type of colony was it?

Answer 10

John Wheelwright; Royal Colony

Question 11

Who founded Connecticut? What type of colony was it?

Answer 11

Thomas Hooker; Royal Colony

Question 12

Who founded Rhode Island? What type of colony was it?

Answer 12

Roger Williams & Anne Hutchinson (Exiles from Massachusetts); Proprietary Colony

Question 13

Who founded New York? What type of colony was it?

Answer 13

The Dutch; Proprietary Colony

Question 14

Who founded New Jersey? What type of colony was it?

Answer 14

Lord John Berkeley & Sir George Carteret; Proprietary Colony -> Royal Colony

Question 15

Who founded Pennsylvania? What type of colony was it?

Answer 15

William Penn; Proprietary Colony

Question 16

Who founded Delaware? What type of colony was it?

Answer 16

Pennsylvanians; Proprietary Colony

Question 17

King Philip was a Native American who started war against the New England colonies. What was he known as to his people?

Answer 17

Metacom

Question 18

What casualties occurred during the war against Metacom and the New England colonies?

Answer 18

16 colonial villages were destroyed and 10% of military age men died

Question 19

What happened to Metacom and his family in the end?

Answer 19

The English killed Metacom, sold his wife and children, then displayed his head at Plymouth for 20 years.

Question 20

What was Mercantilism?

Answer 20

It was commonly practiced in the 17th and 18th centuries. They believed a nation’s power is directly tied to wealth.

Question 21

Explain how colonial trade was restricted due to Mercantilism.

Answer 21

It was restricted to prevent wealth from reaching England’s competition. Any goods traded had go be shipped on British ships with a 75% British crew.

Certain products could only be sold to Britain. (Tobacco, sugar, molasses, fur, etc)

Question 22

What was Salutary Neglect?

Answer 22

Britain relaxed the enforcement of trade laws on the colonies after the glorious revolution. As time went on, this ended and laws were even more enforced.

Question 23

Why were the Middle Colonies created?

Answer 23

To consolidate the English crown.

Question 24

Why were the Southern Colonies created?

Answer 24

Economic reasons.

Question 25

Why were the Northern Colonies created?

Answer 25

For religious reasons.

Question 26

What was protestantism and how did it come to be?

Answer 26

Protestants were Christians who were not Catholics. It began when Martin Luther challenged the Catholic church teachings. It also began in England when Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife and the pope wouldn’t let him.

Question 27

What were puritans?

Answer 27

They wanted the Church of England to be purified. They punished people for theft, laziness, drunkness, and believed god wanted people to work hard.

Question 28

Name the colonial cash crops.

Answer 28

Cotton, tobacco, rice, and indigo.

Question 29

What was the first attempt at a English settlement in the New World?

Answer 29

Roanoke

Question 30

What happened to Roanoke?

Answer 30

John White, the governor of Roanoke, sailed back to England to get supplies. When he arrived, a war broke between England and Spain so he was unable to return for around 3 years. The 115 people he left were had vanished without a trace.

Question 31

Were any clues left behind about what happened to Roanoke?

Answer 31

The word “Croatoan”, the name of an island south of Roanoke, was carved into a wooden post.

Question 32

What was the first successful English colony in the new world?

Answer 32

Jamestown

Question 33

Who created Jamestown?

Answer 33

The Virginia Company of London

Question 34

Jamestown almost failed until 1 man saved it. Who was the man and what did he do?

Answer 34

John Rolfe; Introduced a new strain of tobacco that was highly profitable

Question 35

What did Cecil Calvert’s Act of Toleration do?

Answer 35

Gave religious freedom to all Christians, but called for the death of other religions.

Question 36

How did Bacon’s Rebellion influence America’s development?

Answer 36

It caused slavery to grow

Question 37

What was New York originally called by the Dutch?

Answer 37

New Amsterdam