Unit 3 Flashcards
What do fertilisers need to contain
N,P, K
Why do fertilisers need to be soluble
To it can be absorbed by the soil
What catalyst is used in the Oswald process
Platinum
What catalyst is used in the habar process
Iron
Properties of ammonia
Pungent smell
Colourless gas
Reacts with acid
It’s soluble
What does the habar process produce
Ammonia
Why are fertilisers used
To restore essential nutrients to soil
Haber process conditions
Process used a moderate temp.
Too low temp reaction is slow.
Too fast and the reaction will reverse.
Ostwald process
Product- nitric acid
Reactant- ammonia, O2 and water
Catalyst- platinum
Describe radio active decay
Is when unstable nuclei become sable by giving out, Alpha, beta or gamma radiation.
Alpha properties
Has a 2+ charge
Helium ions
Stopped by a piece of paper
Beta properties
High energy electrons
Negatively charged
Stopped by thin sheet of aluminium
Gamma properties
Electromagnetic waves so aren’t effected by any charged plate
Can travel a long distance can be stopped by thick leather or lead
What are radioactive isotopes called
Radiotopes
Nuclide notation for alpha
4HE
2
Nuclide notation for Beta
0e
-1
Nuclide notation for Gamma
1p
-1
What is a half life
Time taken for the activity of a radioactive source to drop by a half
Time it takes for a substance to decay
Use of radio active isotopes
Medical- cancer treatment, sterilising equipment
Industry- smoke alarms
Define a polymer
Polymers are long chains of molecules which are made by joining monomers together
What is a monomer
Unsaturated molecules that join together to form a polymer
What is Addition polymerisation
The process by which monomers join together to form a polymer
Test for hydrogen
Burns with a pop
What colour does the universal indicator turn for a metal hydroxide
Blue/purple
Where on the reactivity series reacts with water
Magnesium and above
Where on the reactivity series reacts with acid
Lead and above Pg 10
Where on the reactivity series reacts with water
Copper and above
What do some metals reacts with
WAO
water
Acid
Oxygen
Equation for metal and water reaction
Metal + water —> metal hydroxide +H2
Word equation for metal reaction with acid
Metal + Acid —> metal salt + Hydrogen
Word equation for reaction of metal with oxygen
Metal + oxygen —> metal oxide
Why are extraction methods used
To separate the metal from oxygen
3 methods of extraction of metals
Heat alone
Electrolysis’
Heating with carbon/carbon monoxide
What metals need electrolysis
Aluminium and above
What metals need to be heated with carbon/ carbon monoxide
Copper-> zinc
What metals need to be heated alone
To be separate from o2
Mercury -> gold/ platinum
Term used to describe naturally occurring metal compounds
Metal ( ore/ ores)
What is an electrolyte
Is a solution that contains ions which can conduct electricity
Isotope
Same chemical structure different atomic masses
