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Chemistry > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What do fertilisers need to contain

A

N,P, K

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2
Q

Why do fertilisers need to be soluble

A

To it can be absorbed by the soil

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3
Q

What catalyst is used in the Oswald process

A

Platinum

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4
Q

What catalyst is used in the habar process

A

Iron

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5
Q

Properties of ammonia

A

Pungent smell
Colourless gas
Reacts with acid
It’s soluble

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6
Q

What does the habar process produce

A

Ammonia

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7
Q

Why are fertilisers used

A

To restore essential nutrients to soil

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8
Q

Haber process conditions

A

Process used a moderate temp.
Too low temp reaction is slow.
Too fast and the reaction will reverse.

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9
Q

Ostwald process

A

Product- nitric acid
Reactant- ammonia, O2 and water
Catalyst- platinum

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10
Q

Describe radio active decay

A

Is when unstable nuclei become sable by giving out, Alpha, beta or gamma radiation.

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11
Q

Alpha properties

A

Has a 2+ charge
Helium ions
Stopped by a piece of paper

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12
Q

Beta properties

A

High energy electrons
Negatively charged
Stopped by thin sheet of aluminium

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13
Q

Gamma properties

A

Electromagnetic waves so aren’t effected by any charged plate
Can travel a long distance can be stopped by thick leather or lead

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14
Q

What are radioactive isotopes called

A

Radiotopes

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15
Q

Nuclide notation for alpha

A

4HE

2

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16
Q

Nuclide notation for Beta

A

0e

-1

17
Q

Nuclide notation for Gamma

A

1p

-1

18
Q

What is a half life

A

Time taken for the activity of a radioactive source to drop by a half

Time it takes for a substance to decay

19
Q

Use of radio active isotopes

A

Medical- cancer treatment, sterilising equipment

Industry- smoke alarms

20
Q

Define a polymer

A

Polymers are long chains of molecules which are made by joining monomers together

21
Q

What is a monomer

A

Unsaturated molecules that join together to form a polymer

22
Q

What is Addition polymerisation

A

The process by which monomers join together to form a polymer

23
Q

Test for hydrogen

A

Burns with a pop

24
Q

What colour does the universal indicator turn for a metal hydroxide

A

Blue/purple

25
Q

Where on the reactivity series reacts with water

A

Magnesium and above

26
Q

Where on the reactivity series reacts with acid

A

Lead and above Pg 10

27
Q

Where on the reactivity series reacts with water

A

Copper and above

28
Q

What do some metals reacts with

A

WAO
water
Acid
Oxygen

29
Q

Equation for metal and water reaction

A

Metal + water —> metal hydroxide +H2

30
Q

Word equation for metal reaction with acid

A

Metal + Acid —> metal salt + Hydrogen

31
Q

Word equation for reaction of metal with oxygen

A

Metal + oxygen —> metal oxide

32
Q

Why are extraction methods used

A

To separate the metal from oxygen

33
Q

3 methods of extraction of metals

A

Heat alone
Electrolysis’
Heating with carbon/carbon monoxide

34
Q

What metals need electrolysis

A

Aluminium and above

35
Q

What metals need to be heated with carbon/ carbon monoxide

A

Copper-> zinc

36
Q

What metals need to be heated alone

To be separate from o2

A

Mercury -> gold/ platinum

37
Q

Term used to describe naturally occurring metal compounds

A

Metal ( ore/ ores)

38
Q

What is an electrolyte

A

Is a solution that contains ions which can conduct electricity

39
Q

Isotope

A

Same chemical structure different atomic masses

Chemistry (3 decks)

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