Unit 3

Question 1

What are paper and boards made out of

Answer 1

Natural cellulose fibres usually sourced from wood

Question 2

Alternative sources of fibre to make paper

Answer 2

Bamboo, straw and sugarcane

Question 3

Bleedproof paper

Answer 3

• smooth
• has a special coating to reduce absorbency
• lightweight

Question 4

Cartridge paper

Answer 4

• thick, quality paper
• slight texture
• heavier paper (200gsm) more suitable for watercolour, acrylic

Question 5

Grid paper

Answer 5

• printed squares or isometric grids

- graphs, diagrams, mathematical functions or scientific data

Question 6

Layout paper

Answer 6

• lightweight
• smooth
• greater opacity than tracing paper
• accepts pencil and most other media well

Question 7

Cardboard

Answer 7

• heavy duty paper

- lamination to other materials increases strength or an alternative surface

Question 8

Corrugated cardboard

Answer 8

• made up of one or two outer flat layers and a corrugated layer
• delivery and packaging
• lightweight, strong
• smooth surface, easily printed on
• it can insulate (ridges)

Question 9

Foil lined board

Answer 9

• stiff card, aluminium foil on one side
• cartons containing liquid are foil lined making it food safe
• waxy coating to make things liquid resistant

Question 10

Duplex board

Answer 10

• exterior has wax coating to provide moisture barrier, glossy sheen
• smooth white surface good for offset printing
• weight of card ideal for folding, die cutting
• aesthetic

Question 11

Foam board (foam core)

Answer 11

• sheet of polystyrene and outer layers of paper
• rigid, lightweight
• used for backing material for graphic signage
• outs cleanly with sharp blade, suitable for models and prototypes

Question 12

Electrolysis

Answer 12

Used to extract metals such as aluminium

Question 13

Smelting

Answer 13

• extracts common industrial metals such as iron

Question 14

Ferrous metals

Answer 14

• iron and steel can rust
• contain iron
• may rust
• magnetic

Question 15

Ductile metal example

Answer 15

• copper: highly ductile and can be drawn into long, thin wired

Question 16

Malleable metal example

Answer 16

• foil: can be rolled or pressed into sheets

Question 17

Hardness definition

Answer 17

• a materials ability to withstand abrasion

- cast iron, hard and brittle

Question 18

Toughness definition

Answer 18

• requires strength and ductility

- how well a metal can absorb energy and not fracture without deforming

Question 19

Tensile strength definition

Answer 19

• the amount of stretching a material can withstand before breaking

Question 20

Steel properties

Answer 20

• ferrous metal
• high resistance to corrosion, staining and friction
• hard and tough

Question 21

Low carbon steel

Answer 21

• tough
• ductile
• easily welded

Question 22

High carbon steel

Answer 22

• v hard wearing, less ductile/ malleable

Question 23

Cast iron

Answer 23

• hard

- easily cast into shapes, but brittle

Question 24

Non ferrous metals

Answer 24

• don’t contain iron
• more expensive than ferrous metals
• lightweight
• good conductivity
• ductile, malleable
• resistant to corrosion

Question 25

What does galvanising do

Answer 25

• adds protective coat of zinc to iron and steel to prevent rusting

Question 26

What is copper most commonly used in

Answer 26

Electrical cabling

Question 27

Name the non ferrous metals

Answer 27

• aluminium
• copper
• tin
• zinc

Question 28

Tin properties

Answer 28

• soft ductile and malleable (tin can is made of steel and has tin coating, ‘tin plating’)

Question 29

Alloys

Answer 29

• improved working properties and appearance

- brass and steel are common alloys