Unit 2: Week 1

Question 1

What is the purpose of the CVS?

Answer 1

It transports nutrients, removes waste,O2 CO2, water, heart, immune cells

Question 2

What are the two components of a double circulation?

Answer 2

The pulmonary circulation

The systemic circulation

Question 3

What are the 4 layers of the heart?

Answer 3

Endocardium- inner lining (also lines valves) squamous epithelium

Myocardium- muscle layer made up of cardiac muscle tissue

Epicardium- outer layer made up of connective tissue

Pericardial sack- epicardium(serous)—> space/fluid—> parietal layer (serous)—>fibrous pericardium

Question 4

How do valves function in the heart?

Answer 4

the valves are connective tissue lined with the endocardium. They attach to the chorde tendinae which attach to the papillary muscles. When the vent. contract, the papillary muscles also contract to keep tension and avoid backflow.

Question 5

What order are the valves in the heart found?

Answer 5

tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral(3), aortic(3)

Question 6

What is the first and second heart sounds caused by?

Answer 6

Closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves.

Closing of the semilunar valves

Question 7

What is the decrease in blood vessel pressure caused by?

Answer 7

the arteries branching off into arterioles- more possibilities which decrease peripheral resistance
Capillaries only allow one blood cell to pass at a time and their combined surface area is higher than the aorta.

Question 8

What are the three layers of veins and arteries and how do they compare?

Answer 8

Tunica internal- endothelium- in arteries it is crinkled
Tunica media- smooth muscle- bigger in arteries making veins collapsable
(elastic layer only found in arteries for elastic recoil)
Tunica externa- connective tissue

Question 9

Where are coronary arteries found?

Answer 9

They supply blood to the heart tissue and fee back into the R att via the coronary sinus