Unit 2 Vocabulary

Question 1

law enacted in 1882; prohibited all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, gov. officials from entering the US

Answer 1

Chinese Exclusion Act

Question 2

growth of cities

Answer 2

urbanization

Question 3

multifamily urban dwelling

Answer 3

tenement

Question 4

community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistance to people in the area

Answer 4

Settlement House

Question 5

a powerful NY political organization that drew support from immigrants

Answer 5

Tammany Hall

Question 6

offered services to voters and businesses in exchange for political or financial support

Answer 6

political machine

Question 7

the illegal use of political influence for personal gain

Answer 7

graft

Question 8

the giving of government jobs to people who had helped a candiate get elected

Answer 8

patronage

Question 9

nonmilitary branches of gov.

Answer 9

Civil Service

Question 10

favoring the interests of native-born over foreign born people

Answer 10

Nativism

Question 11

Asian immigrant station with processing and inspection

Answer 11

Angel island

Question 12

mixture of people of different cultures and races who blended together by abandoning their Native languages and customs

Answer 12

“Melting Pot”

Question 13

cheap efficient process for making steel

Answer 13

Bessemer Process

Question 14

the merging of companies that make similar products

Answer 14

Horizontal Integration

Question 15

company’s taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation system to gain control over the quality and cost of its product

Answer 15

Vertical Integration

Question 16

an enterprise that is the only seller of a good or service

Answer 16

Monopolies

Question 17

processing and inspection of immigrants in new York Harbor

Answer 17

Ellis Island

Question 18

successful industrialists whose business practices were often considered ruthless or unethical

Answer 18

Robber Barons

Question 19

federal gov. jobs awarded on the basis of merit and that gov, employees be selected through competitive exans

Answer 19

Pendleton Civil Service Act

Question 20

law enacted in 1887; reestablished federal gov. to supervise railroad activities; created a 5-member interstate to do so

Answer 20

Interstate Commerce Act

Question 21

a time of great political corruption and wealth inequality

Answer 21

Gilded Age

Question 22

Employer refused to lower rents after cutting employees pay leading to a violent strike in 1894

Answer 22

Pullman Strike