unit 2 vocab Flashcards
computing device
a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, server routers, and smart sensors
computing system
a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose
computing network
a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data (with each other0
path
series of connections between computing devices on a network devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver
bit rate
how fast it takes 1 bit to go from 1 computer to another
bandwidth
maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time usually measured in bits per second
protocol
an agreed upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system
IP address
the unique number assigned to each device on the internet
internet protocol (IP)
a protocol for sending data across the internet that assigns unique numbers (IP addresses) to each connected device
router
a type of computer that forwards data across a network
redundancy
the inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, ex: having more than 1 path between any 2 connected devices
fault tolerant
can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures, is important because elements of complex systems fail at unexpected times, often in groups
datastream
information passed through the internet in packets
packet
a chunk of data sent over a network, larger messages are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out of order, or not at all
packet metadata
data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message
transmission control package (TCP)
a protocol for sending packets that does error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered
User Datagram protocol (UDP)
a protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error-checking and no resending of dropped packets
scalability
the capacity size for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands
world wide web (www)
a system of linked pages, programs, and files, is different from the internet
the domain name system (DNS)
the system responsible for translating domain names like example.com into IP addresses
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
a protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the world wide web on the internet
digital divide
differing access to computing devices and the internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics, can affect individuals or groups
