Unit 2 Vocab

Question 1

Roosevelt Corollary

Answer 1

Addition to the Monroe Doctrine asserting America’s right to intervene in Latin American affairs

Question 2

Insular Cases

Answer 2

Determined that inhabitants of US territories had some, but not all, of the rights of US citizens

Question 3

Muckraking Journalism

Answer 3

Investigative journalism in the age of the industrial revolution, 1900-1915 that contributed to a ton of regulations etc. Basically a testament to liberal values

Question 4

Social Housekeeping

Answer 4

Because they couldn’t vote, women reformers targeted workplace reform, housing reform, educational improvement, and food and drug laws

Question 5

Muller v Oregon

Answer 5

1908- Supreme Court upheld Oregon state restrictions on the working hours of women as justified by the special state interest in protecting women’s health

Question 6

Conservation Movement

Answer 6

A progressive reform movement focused on the preservation and sustainable management of the nation’s natural resources

Question 7

Spanish American War

Answer 7

1898- a conflict between the US and Spain over Cuba’s independence and liberation

Question 8

Anti-Imperialists

Answer 8

opposed imperialism and felt the US had moral responsibility as a nation involved in foreign affairs

Question 9

Open Door Policy

Answer 9

A policy proposed by the US in 1899 under which all nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China

Question 10

Philippine War

Answer 10

1898-1902: war where America used brutal tactics; Jones Act allowed this nation independence when ready but did not specify when. The citizens eventually gained independence in 1946

Question 11

Election of 1912

Answer 11

Presidential campaign involving Taft, Teddy Roosevelt, and Woodrow Wilson. Taft and Roosevelt split the Republican vote; enabled Wilson to win

Question 12

Lusitania

Answer 12

British passenger ship sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7,1915. 128 Americans died, which turned the American opinion greatly against the Germans and aided in the US entry into WW1

Question 13

Selective Service Act

Answer 13

Law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men from aged 21 to 30 to register for the draft

Question 14

Espionage Act

Answer 14

Imposed sentences of up to 20 years for anyone found guilty of aiding the enemy, obstructing army recruitment, or encouraging disloyalty. Postmaster general was now allowed to remove any mail that could incite treason or insurrection

Question 15

Committee on Public Information

Answer 15

George Creel; used to get the US and its citizens to get involved and support WW1; employed some 150,000 workers at home and overseas

Question 16

Fourteen Points

Answer 16

Series of proposals in which US pres. Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after WW1

Question 17

Red Scare

Answer 17

fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life

Question 18

Scopes Trial

Answer 18

1925- Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schools (fundamentalist)

Question 19

Second Ku Klux Klan

Answer 19

nationwide movement that expressed racism, nativism, anti-Semitism, and anti-Catholicism; functioned more like a business organization

Question 20

Harlem Renaissance

Answer 20

Period in 1920s where AA achievements in art, music, and literature flourished, centered in Harlem, NYC

Question 21

Prohibition

Answer 21

1920-33: sale and transport of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the US by a constitutional amendment

Question 22

National Origins Act of 1924

Answer 22

Restricted immigration from any one nation to a percent of the number of the people in the US of national origin in 1890; excluded Asians entirely

Question 23

Bonus Army

Answer 23

Group of WW1 vets that marched to DC in 1932 to demand the immediate payment of their government war bonuses in cash

Question 24

Indian New Deal

Answer 24

program that gave Native Americans economic assistance and greater control over tribal affairs

Question 25

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA, 1933)

Answer 25

to raise crop prices, paid farmers to leave a certain amount of their land unplanted, thus lowering production

Question 26

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Answer 26

New Deal program that hired unemployed men to work on natural conservation projects

Question 26

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Answer 26

New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those that needed them. Created around 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings

Question 27

Social Security Act (1935)

Answer 27

guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65, set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health
originally did not include agricultural and domestic workers

Question 28

Wagner Act

Answer 28

1935- National Labor Relations Act; granted rights to unions and allowed for collective bargaining

Question 29

Nye Committee Hearings

Answer 29

1934-36; this Senator conducted investigation as to why US got involved in WW1, found that banks intervened and there was much economic reasoning

Question 30

Lend-Lease

Answer 30

allowed US to “lend” military arms to nations, only used for Allied countries as they were “vital to US security”

Question 31

Executive Order 9066

Answer 31

gave military allowance to remove any “threats” from the military zone in the west; cause for the Japanese Internment Camps

Question 32

Yalta Conference

Answer 32

FDR, Churchill, Stalin; Russia agree to join the Pacific war after the war in Germany ends, in return Russia was promised territories in Manchuria lost in the Russo-Japanese War

Question 33

George Kennan

Answer 33

“father of containment”; key figure in the emergence of the Cold War

Question 34

Truman Doctrine

Answer 34

1947: Truman’s policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology, mainly Greece and Turkey

Question 35

National Security Act of 1947

Answer 35

Dept. of Defense, the Pentagon; established the National Security Council (NSC) and the CIA

Question 36

Executive Order 8802

Answer 36

banned discriminatory employment practices by federal agencies and unions and companies in war-related work (FDR)

Question 37

Lavender Scare

Answer 37

subunit of the red scare, focused on homosexuals, especially those employed by the government. Thoughts that communists could easily blackmail homosexuals into treason and espionage