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MedTerminology > Unit 2 - Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 2 - Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

a-, an-

A

not, without, against

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2
Q

aden/o-

A

pertaining to glands

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3
Q

adip/o-

A

pertaining to fat

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4
Q

anter/o-

A

before, in front of

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5
Q

caud/o-

A

lower body, towards the feet

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6
Q

cephal/o-

A

pertaining to the head

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7
Q

-cyte, cyt/o-

A

pertaining to cells

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8
Q

dem/i-,dem/o-

A

half

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9
Q

dors/i-, dors/o-

A

pertaining to the back

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10
Q

en-, end/o-

A

inside, within

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11
Q

epi-

A

on, above, over

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12
Q

eti/o-

A

cause, origin

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13
Q

ex/o-

A

outside, away from

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14
Q

gen/o-

A

birth, race, origin (to do with genetics)

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15
Q

histi/o-, hist/o-

A

pertaining to tissues

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16
Q

iatr/o-

A

physician, medicine, healing

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17
Q

idi/o-

A

unusual

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18
Q

macro-

A

large

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19
Q

medi/o-

A

medium, middle

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20
Q

mega-

A

large

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21
Q

micr/o-

A

small, tiny

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22
Q

mid-

A

middle, half

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23
Q

nosocomi/o-

A

pertaining to hospitals

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24
Q

pan-

A

all

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25
Q

path/o-, -pathy

A

disease, suffering

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26
Q

physi/o-, physic/o-

A

pertaining to physical form and function

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27
Q

plas/i-, plas/o-, -plasia

A

growth, development, formation

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28
Q

poster/o-

A

behind, back

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29
Q

proxim/o-

A

near, next

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30
Q

retro-

A

behind, backwards

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31
Q

-stasis, -static

A

maintenance of a constant state

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32
Q

thorac/o-

A

chest, torso

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33
Q

trans-

A

across, switch

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34
Q

ventr/o-

A

abdomen

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35
Q

-verse, -version

A

rotation, translation

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36
Q

abdominal cavity

A

large cavity in the torso containing major digestive organs

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37
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

combined abdominal and pelvic cavities

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38
Q

adenectomy

A

surgical removal of a gland

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39
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

malignant tumor(s) originating in glands

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40
Q

adenoma

A

benign tumor(s) originating in glands

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41
Q

adenomalacia

A

softening of a gland

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42
Q

adenosclerosis

A

hardening of a gland

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43
Q

adenosis

A

any disease or condition of a gland

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44
Q

advance directives

A

legal orders allowing patients to establish their medical wishes for the future if they cannot speak for themselves later

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45
Q

anaplasia

A

change in the structure of cells

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46
Q

anatomical position

A

body position where the body is upright, arms and legs extended, with palms towards the viewer

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47
Q

anatomical reference system

A

terms used to describe body planes, positions, and regions

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48
Q

anatomy

A

study of bodily structures

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49
Q

anomaly

A

deviation from the norm

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50
Q

anterior

A

in front of

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51
Q

aplasia

A

congenital underdevelopment or absence of an organ

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52
Q

atresia

A

congenital narrowing or absence of bodily opening

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53
Q

atrophy

A

degeneration of an organ or tissue

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54
Q

autopsy

A

postmortem bodily examination

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55
Q

airborne transmission

A

spread of disease via pathogens suspended in the air and inhaled

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56
Q

bloodborne transmission

A

spread of disease via infected blood

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57
Q

caudal

A

around the lower body/feet

58
Q

chromosome

A

genetic structure located within cells/ nuclei

59
Q

communicable disease

A

disease transmitted from person to person

60
Q

cephalic

A

around the head

61
Q

congenital disorder

A

abnormal condition present at birth

62
Q

connective tissue

A

support and connect organs and tissues

63
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

genetic disorder affecting the mucus in the respiratory and digestive tracts

64
Q

cytology

A

study of cells

65
Q

cytoplasm

A

liquid within cells outside of the nuclei

66
Q

deoxyribonucleic acid/DNA

A

material that makes up chromosomes, carrying genetic info

67
Q

developmental disorder

A

disorder impairing mental or physical development

68
Q

distal

A

furthest from center of body or joint

69
Q

DNR order

A

order instructing physicians to not perform CPR in the case of a patient’s heart stopping

70
Q

droplet transmission

A

spread of disease via respiratory droplets

71
Q

dorsal

A

back

72
Q

dysplasia

A

abnormal development or presence of cells

73
Q

endemic

A

disease with ongoing presence within certain population(s)

74
Q

endocrine gland

A

glands releasing hormones directly into the bloodstream

75
Q

endothelium

A

thin layer of cells lining the inside of blood vessels

76
Q

epidemic

A

sudden abnormal outbreak of disease within limited population

77
Q

epigastric region

A

abdominal region above the stomach

78
Q

epithelial tissue

A

layer of tissues surrounding all organs in the body

79
Q

etiology

A

study of the causes of diseases

80
Q

exocrine gland

A

glands releasing hormones into ducts

81
Q

fetal alcohol syndrome

A

developmental disorder caused by consumption of alcohol while pregnant

82
Q

fomite transmission

A

spread of disease via infected surfaces

83
Q

foodborne/waterborne transmission

A

spread of disease via contaminated and ingested food/water

84
Q

fragile X syndrome

A

genetic developmental disorder caused the mutation of a gene

85
Q

functional disorder

A

disease or condition with no identifiable cause

86
Q

gene

A

hereditary traits passed down to offspring

87
Q

genetic disorder

A

disease caused by absent or defective gene(s)

88
Q

genetic mutation

A

changes in a DNA sequence

89
Q

genome

A

complete set of an organism’s genetic information

90
Q

geriatrics

A

medical specialty focusing on caring for the elderly

91
Q

health care proxy

A

allows patients to appoint someone to make medical decisions for them if they cannot

92
Q

hemophilia

A

hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a missing clotting factor

93
Q

histology

A

study of the microscopic structure and composition of tissues

94
Q

homeostasis

A

maintenance of a stable internal bodily environment

95
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

hereditary degenerative brain disorder caused by gene defect

96
Q

hyperplasia

A

increase in the number of cells in an organ

97
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in the size of an organ or cells

98
Q

hypochondriac

A

below the ribs

99
Q

hypogastric region

A

lower middle abdominal region

100
Q

hypoplasia

A

lack of adequate cells/underdevelopment in an organ

101
Q

iatrogenic disease

A

disease caused by an adverse reaction to a previous medical treatment

102
Q

idiopathic disease

A

any disease with no known cause

103
Q

inguinal

A

area around the hip joints

104
Q

lateral

A

away from the center of the body

105
Q

left lower quadrant

A
106
Q

left upper quadrant

A
107
Q

living will

A
108
Q

Marfan syndrome

A

Genetic disorder affecting the connective tissues

109
Q

medial

A

towards the middle of the body

110
Q

mesentary

A

fused double layer of parietal peritoneum attaching the intesting to the abdominal wall

111
Q

metabolic syndrome

A

syndrome identified by increased risk of developing certain medical problems

112
Q

midsagittal plane

A

plane dividing body in half vertically (left & right)

113
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

group of genetic diseases causing degeneration of skeletal muscles

114
Q

nosocomial infection

A

any infection acquired in a hospital setting

115
Q

nucleus

A

structure within cells containing DNA

116
Q

pandemic

A

sudden outbreak of a disease on a massive/global level

117
Q

pathogen

A

foreign disease-causing organisms (viruses, bacteria, etc)

118
Q

pelvic cavity

A

cavity formed by the pelvis containing the reproductive and excretory organs

119
Q

peritoneum

A

a multilayered membrane holding organs within the abdominal cavity in place

120
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum

121
Q

phenylketonuria

A

genetic disorder caused by the lack of a digestive enzyme

122
Q

physiology

A

study of the functions of the body

123
Q

posterior

A

in/on the back

124
Q

prenatal risk factors

A

mother’s health, activities, etc that may affect the fetus

125
Q

proximal

A

closest point to the center of the body or joint

126
Q

retroperitoneal

A

behind the peritoneum

127
Q

right & left hypochondriac region

A

part of the abdomen, around the lower ribs/chest

128
Q

right & left iliac region

A

part of the abdomen around the pelvis

129
Q

right & left lumbar region

A

part of the abdomen, below the ribs and above the pelvis

130
Q

right lower quadrant

A
131
Q

right upper quadrant

A
132
Q

sagittal plane

A

vertical plane dividing the body, but not along the midline

133
Q

stem cells

A

non-specific immature cells capable of producing many daughter cells and many types of cells

134
Q

stem cell therapy

A

regenerative medicine (ex. Bone marrow transplants)

135
Q

thoracic cavity

A

chest cavity; cavity containing the heart and lungs

136
Q

thoracotomy

A

surgical procedure creating a hole into chest cavity for viewing

137
Q

transverse plane

A

plane dividing the body in half horizontally (upper and lower)

138
Q

umbilical region

A

navel, belly button

139
Q

vector transmission

A

transmission of pathogens through animal vectors

140
Q

ventral

A

front, belly

MedTerminology (5 decks)

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