Unit 2 Vocab Flashcards
Prokaryotic
Unicellular organism (bacteria and archaea) that lacks a distinct nucleus and other organelles due to the absence of internal membranes
Eukaryotic
any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus
Cell
the smallest, basic unit of life that is responsible for all of life’s processes.
Tissue
a group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit.
Organ
a collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit specialized to perform a particular function.
Endosymbiotic Theory
Theory that states that some of the membrane bound organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic cells (Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the same size as prokaryotic cells and have their own DNA)
Crenation
Cell shrinks by osmosis because H20 leaves the cell
Plasmolysis
he process of contraction or shrinkage of the protoplasm of a plant cell and is caused due to the loss of water in the cell.
Cristae
The infoldings or inward projections of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, which are studded with proteins and increase the surface area for chemical reactions to occur like cellular respiration.
Plastid
A double membrane bound organelle involved in the synthesis and storage of food, and is commonly found within the cells of photosynthetic organisms, like plants.
Active transport
an energy-driven process where membrane proteins transport molecules across cells
Osmosis
the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
Diffusion
the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration.
Facilitated Diffusion
the diffusion of solutes through transport proteins in the plasma membrane.
Hypotonic
a solution with a comparatively lower solute concentration than that in another solution being compared.
