Unit 2 Vocab

Question 1

Mode

Answer 1

the value that appears most often

Question 2

Median

Answer 2

the middle value

Question 3

Parallel Processing

Answer 3

doing many things at once

Question 4

Modeling

Answer 4

a form of learning based on imitation

Question 5

Continuity

Answer 5

gradual change

Question 6

8 stages (Erikson)

Answer 6

infancy, toddlerhood, preschool, elementary, adolescence, young adulthood, middle adulthood, late adulthood

Question 7

Classical Conditioning

Answer 7

learning to associate two stimuli and thus to anticipate events

Question 8

Reinforcement

Answer 8

any event that strengthens (increases frequency of) a preceding response

Question 9

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 9

presenting a pleasurable stimulus (ex: giving candy for good behavior)

Question 10

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 10

reducing/removing a negative stimulus (ex: getting up from bed to avoid the noisy alarm)

Question 11

Plasticity

Answer 11

capacity to be shaped, molded, or altered (ex: neuroplasticity = adaptation)

Question 12

Teratogen

Answer 12

an agent that causes developmental abnormalities in a fetus

Question 13

Gender Role

Answer 13

the social expectations that guide people’s behavior as men or women

Question 14

Generalization

Answer 14

Classical - the tendency for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses
Operant - when responses learned in one situation occur in other, similar situations
response(s) being shown in multiple, similar situations

Question 15

Skinner Box

Answer 15

an operant chamber with either a lever or key/disc an animal touches to release a reward of food or water

Question 16

Operant Conditioning

Answer 16

association between one’s own actions and the consequences that follow