Unit 2 Vocab Flashcards
Arithmetic Population Density
The total number of people divided by the total land area.
Physiological Population Density
Dividing the population by the amount of arable land
Arable
Land suited for growing crops
Agricultural Population Density
The number of farmers t the area of arable land
Age-sex graph; Population Pyramid
A tool based on age , gender, birth rates & deaths , economic development . . .. gives evidence of past events like wars and environmental issues
Cohorts
A vertical Axis showing age groups
Dependency ratio
The comparison between sizes of potential work force and dependent population.
Crude Birth Rate
The number of live birth per year for each 1000 people
Total fertility rate
Woman in their childbearing years ages 15 to 49
Life expectancy
The number of years a person can live
Infant Mortality Rate
the number of children who die before their first birthday
Crude Death rates
An Area measured by 1000 population
Rate of Natural Increase
The percentage of which a country population grows of declines, Without the impact of migration
Immigrants
People who move into the country
Emigrants
People who moved out of the country
Demographic Transition Modal
Shows 5 typical stages of population change that countries experience as they modernize
demographic momentum
The tendency for growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution
epidemiological transition model
The changes death rates and more common causes of death within society
Zero Population Growth
When the Crude Birth Rate equals the Crude Death Rate and the natural increase rate approaches zero
Replacement fertility
when the population’s fertility is just high enough to maintain its current population
Doubling time
the amount of time it takes for the population of a region to double
Population Policy
an official government policy designed to encourage the population to conceive and raise multiple children
Pro natalist
An attitude or policy that encourages childbearing.
Anti natalist
Government policies that discourage couples from having children.
Thomas Malthus
suggested that the world’s population was growing faster than the rate of food production, and as a result, mass starvation would occur.
Neo-Malthusians
the population of the world is growing too quickly for the scale of agricultural production to keep up
Carrying capacity
The ability of the land to sustain a certain number of people
Overpopulation
The lack of necessary resources to meet the needs of the population of a defined area.
Migration
groups of people or animals moving from one region or country to another.
Emigration
leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country)
Immigration
the physical movement of people from one place to another
Push factor
people away from their home and include things like war.;
something that encourages an individual to migrate away from a certain place
Pull factor
people to a new home and include things like better opportunities
(positive factors that attract people to new areas from other areas)
Net migration
the difference in the number of people who immigrate to and emigrate from a country.
Intervening obstacle
a environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration.
Intervening obstacle
a environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration.
Intervening opportunity
an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that helps migration.
Chain migration
Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.
Voluntary migration
when someone chooses to leave home.
Forced migration
the coerced movement of a person or persons away from their home or home region.
Step migration
Gradual migration, from farm to village to town to big city
Lee’s Model of Migration
a model that accounts for push/pull factors and intervening obstacles in order to predict migration patterns
Ravenstein’s Laws of
Migration
Most migrants move only a short distance ( process of absorption, whereby people immediately surrounding a rapidly growing town move into it and the gaps they leave are filled by migrants from more distant areas, and so on until the attractive force [pull factors] is spent. )
Migration Transition
The change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other changes that also produce demographic transitions
Migration stream
A constant flow of migrants from the same origin to the same destination.
International migration
The permanent movement from one country to another
Internal migration
human movement within a nation-state
Remittances
Money immigrants send back to family and friends in their home countries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer countries.
Guest workers
legal immigrant who has work visa, usually short term
Brain drain
The large-scale emigration of a large group of individuals with technical skills or knowledge.
Asylum
the protection from oppression or hardship offered by another country.
Repatriation
A refugee or group of refugees returning to their home country, usually with the assistance of a governmental or non-governmental organization.
Internally displaced person (IDP)
Someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons to a refugee but has not migrated across an international border.
