Unit 2 VHD

Question 1

ID Structure in Pink

Answer 1

Longus Colli

O: transverse processes of C3-C7 and anterior bodies of T1-T3

I: anterior arch of atlas and bodies of C2-C4

Unilateral action: lateral flexion & rotation of cervical spine to opposite side

Bilateral action: flexion of cervical spine

Question 2

ID Structure in White

Answer 2

C2 vertebra, axis

Question 3

ID Structures in Dark Blue

Answer 3

Superficial Temporal Veins

Question 4

ID Structure in Dark Blue

Answer 4

Transverse Sinus

Question 5

ID Structure in Bright Pink

Answer 5

Posterior Belly of Digastric Muscle

O: Mastoid Notch of Temporal Bone

I: Intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid bone

Innervation: Digastric branch of facial n. (CN VII)

A: elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking;

depresses mandible against resistance

Question 6

ID Structure between the arrows

Answer 6

Epiglottis

Question 7

ID Space

Answer 7

Cavity of Oropharynx

Question 8

ID Structure

Answer 8

Hyoglossus m.

Question 9

ID Vessel

Answer 9

Internal Carotid Artery

Question 10

ID Structure in Bright Pink

Answer 10

Posterior Belly of Digastric

Question 11

ID Structure

Answer 11

Inferior Head of Lateral Pterygoid Muscle

O: Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

I: Pterygoid fovea

A: Bilateral contraction: Depress and protract mandible (open mouth)

Unilateral: lateral movements (grinding)

N: Nerve to lateral pterygoid (V3)

B: Lateral pterygoid a.

Question 12

ID Structure

Answer 12

Medial Pterygoid Muscle

ATTACHMENTS:

• Superficial head: Infratemporal surface of maxilla to inferior, medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible
• Deep head: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pyramidal process of palatine bone to inferior, medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible

ACTION:

• Bilateral contraction: elevate mandible (close mouth)
• Unilateral: small grinding movements

INNERVATION: N. to medial pterygoid (V3)

BLOOD SUPPLY: Medial pterygoid a.

Question 13

ID Structure in Bright Pink

Answer 13

Palatopharyngeus

Question 14

ID Structure in Bright Pink

Answer 14

Superior Oblique m.

Question 15

List the four muscles of mastication as they appear in the body from medial to lateral.

Answer 15

Medial pterygoid –> Lateral pterygoid –> Temporalis (very inferior part) –> Masseter

Question 16

ID Structure in Bright Pink

Answer 16

Sternohyoid m.

Question 17

ID Structure in Bright Pink

Answer 17

Cricothyroid m.

Question 18

ID Structure in Bright Pink

(hint: the two lavender structures bounding it are cartilages)

Answer 18

Thyro-arytenoid m.