Unit 2 - Thermodynamics

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

capacity to do work

Question 2

Kinetic Energy

Answer 2

due to motion

Question 3

Thermal Energy

Answer 3

associated with temperature

Question 4

Potential Energy

Answer 4

• due to position or composition
• energy available by virtue of an object’s position

Question 5

Chemical Energy

Answer 5

Associated with Positions of Electrons and Nuclei

Question 6

Radiant Energy

Answer 6

comes from the sun and is earth’s primary earth source

Question 7

Nuclear energy

Answer 7

energy stored within the collection of neutrons and protons in the atom

Question 8

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 8

• energy cannot be created nor destroyed
• total amount of energy in the universe is constant

Question 9

Thermochemistry

Answer 9

study of heat change in chemical reactions

Question 10

System

Answer 10

specific part of the universe that is of interest in the study.

Question 11

Joule (unit of energy)

Answer 11

1 J = 1 kg times m^2/s^2

Question 12

Kinetic Energy

Answer 12

KE = 1/2mv^2

Question 13

Conservation of Energy

Answer 13

Change in Energy universe = 0 = Change in Energy system + Change in Energy surroundings

Question 14

State Function

Answer 14

• properties that are determined by the state of the system, regardless of how that condition was achieved.

Question 15

Energy Diagrams

Answer 15

• graphically shows the direction of energy flow
• if energy enters the system, it will be positive (+)
• if energy leaves the system, it will be negative (-)

Question 16

First Law of thermodynamics

Answer 16

• energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed
  change in energy system = - change in energy surroundings

Question 17

Energy Exchange (formula)

Answer 17

change in energy = q+w

q= heat (thermal) energy
w = work energy

Question 18

Heat

Answer 18

• exchange of thermal energy

Question 19

Specific Heat (Cs)

Answer 19

amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance by one degree Celsius

q=mCs (change in temperature)

Question 20

Heat Capacity (C)

Answer 20

• amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a given quantity (m) of the substance by one degree Celsius
  q = C change in temperature

Question 21

Heat Transfer

Answer 21

• heat flows from the material at the higher temperature to the material at the lower temperature
• flows until both materials reach the same final temperature
• amount of heat energy lost by the hot material equals the amount of heat gained by the cold material