Unit 2 the nervous system

Question 1

central nervous system

Answer 1

recieves and analyzes messages from the peripheral nervous system and then sends back a response or action to carry out.

Question 2

somatic

Answer 2

consists of nerves that connect to voluntary skeletal muscles and sensory receptors.

Question 3

afferent nerves

Answer 3

carry information to the CNS from the PNS

Question 4

efferent nerves

Answer 4

carry info to the PNS from the CNS

Question 5

autonomic system

Answer 5

control automatic, involuntary, visceral functions, like digestion and heart rate, so its nerves connect to organs, vessels, and glands

Question 6

sympathetic division

Answer 6

mobilizes body for emergencies, the fight or flight response

Question 7

parasympathetic

Answer 7

conserves bodily resources to save and store energy, chill

Question 8

nervous tissue

Answer 8

nuerons

Question 9

nuerons

Answer 9

individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate, and transmit, information.

Question 10

soma

Answer 10

cell body

Question 11

dendrites

Answer 11

receive info from other nerve cells

Question 12

axon

Answer 12

sends info to other nerve cells, muscles or glands

Question 13

axon terminals

Answer 13

secrete neurotransmitters

Question 14

synapse

Answer 14

junction between neurons

Question 15

myelin sheath

Answer 15

insulates axons and speeds up message transmissions

Question 16

nervous tissue

Answer 16

glia cells

Question 17

glia cells

Answer 17

found throughout the nervous system that provide various types of support for neurons; remove waste, supply nourishment, provide insulation

Question 18

resting potential

Answer 18

a neuron is stable, with a negative charge as the cell is inactive

Question 19

action potential

Answer 19

a brief shift in a neurons electrified charge that travels along the axon

Question 20

absolute refractory period

Answer 20

the minimum length of time after an action potential, during which another action potential cannot begin. (reload)

Question 21

All or none law

Answer 21

neurons either send signals or they don’t, there’s no in-between.

Question 22

Synapse

Answer 22

a special junction where neurons meet to transmit messages; neurons never actually touch so messages have to bridge the divide of the synaptic gap to be received by another neuron.

Question 23

neurotransmitters

Answer 23

chemicals that transmit information to one another; an overabundance or lack of these chemicals can cause serious complications.

Question 24

Agonist

Answer 24

a chemical that mimics the action of a neurotransmitter

Question 25

antagonist

Answer 25

a chemical that opposes the action of a neurotransmitter (botox injection)

Question 26

acetylcholine

Answer 26

attributes to regulation of attention, arousal, and memory; a lack of these attribute to alzheismers disease.

Question 27

monoamines

Answer 27

regulate aspects of everyday behavior

Question 28

serotonin

Answer 28

sleep and wakefulness

Question 29

dopamine

Answer 29

control voluntary movements

Question 30

norepinephrine

Answer 30

mood and arousal

Question 31

GABA

Answer 31

a distributed transmitter contributed to the regulation of anxiety and sleep

Question 32

glutamine

Answer 32

widely distributed excitatory transmitter, involved in learning and memory .

Question 33

endorphins

Answer 33

play a role in pain relief and responding to stress and eating behavior; the happy hormone