Unit 2 - The International Agencies and Standard Setters Flashcards
The United Nations - UN Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
- The Commission formulates internatioal polities and recommeds activities in the fiels of crime controls
- offering national af forum for exchanging information
- settling on ways of fightning crime
- provides substandtive direction for the periodic UN Congresses on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders
The UN Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice acts as the governing body for the UN Office on Drug and Crime (UNOC)
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
- Work for technical assistance to counterast terrorism.
- Based on mandates recommende by the UN Commission on Crime Prevantion and Criminal Justice and approved by the General Assembly
UNODC have to
- reviiwing domestic legislation and providing advice on drafting new laws
- provide in depht assistance on the ratification and implmentation of new legislation agrainst terrorism
- facilitating and providing training to national criminal justice systems on the practical implmentation of the universal instruments against terrorism
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) (formål)
- The objective is to promote global economic stability throung international monetary cooperation and exchange stability
- Advice implementing economic and financial policies that promote stability, reduce vulnerability to crisis and encourange sustained growh and hiht living standards.
- Review global economic trends and developments that attect the health of monetary and financial systems
- promote dialogue among member countries
The International Monetary fund (IMF) (Surveillance / overvågning)
- Countries that joins IMF accepts that if must subjcts its economic and financial policies to the scrutiny of the international community
- IMF is mandates to oversee the international monetary system and monitor the economics and financial policies of ist 187 member countries
The world Bank
- Projects and operations are designed to support low-income and middle-income countries’ povety reduction strategies
- supports goverments in improving theis transparency accountability to critizenz, and provision of services, as these are key elements to faster and more effective devlopment
- The 2007 strategy paper ‘Strengthening World Bank Group on Governance and Anticorruption’ : Highlistede governance and anti-corruption issuses a critical to improving development outcomes
Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative (StAR)
- a partnership with the UNODC
- StAR suppots international efforts to deter illicit flows of the proceeds of corruption and facilitace asset recovery and helps to build the capacity of asset recovery teams in countries
- it helps countries prepare mutual legal assistance requets
- develping knowledge and analytical resources for sharin international experience and promoting innovation
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
- The OECD’s work is based on continued monitoring of events in member countries as well
as countries outside the OECD area - includes regular projections of short-term and
medium-term economic developments. - Mutual evaluations by governments
- multilateral
surveillance - a peer review process through which the performance of individual
countries is monitored by their peers, are all carried out at committee level
OECD definition
The OECD’s work has been instrumental to the global anti-corruption
movement in three complementary directions: 1. fighting against
transnational bribery and other forms of unfair competition
- promotion
of integrity and transparency; - and good governance in the public and
private sectors.
The Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
- purpose is to establish international standards
- develop and promote policies, both at national and international levels, for combating
money laundering and the financing of terrorism. - FATF is a policy-making body that works
to generate the necessary political will to bring about national legislative and regulatory
reforms in these areas. - FATF also regularly examines methods and techniques of money
laundering and terrorist financing to ensure the continued relevance of its policies
and standards.
FATF’s regional bodies and GIFCS
The FSRBs are regional groups that interpret and implement the international standards
developed by FATF.
The development of FSRBs is also encouraged by active involvement
and support by one or more FATF members.
The FSRBs have the same objectives as
FATF and, as well as having similar forms and functions, also have observer status in FATF.
S
ome FATF members are also members of an FSRB. Where a regional structure that can
be adapted does not already exist, a new FSRB is created
The importance of the FATF Recommendations
FATF’s mandate
- Setting, revising and clarifying the global standards and measures for combating
money laundering and the financing of terrorism: FATF develops and keeps up
to date international AML/CFT standards as well as additional interpretative notes,
guidance and best practices. - Monitoring compliance with AML/CFT standards: FATF monitors the compliance of
its members with the FATF Recommendations through a mutual evaluation process. - Promoting global implementation of FATF’s standards: FATF encourages the
universal implementation of its standards by supporting FATF-style regional bodies
(FSRBs) in all parts of the world, and through partnerships with international and
regional organisations. - Identifying and responding to the methods and trends of money laundering
and terrorist financing: FATF examines current typologies on a continuous basis to
ensure that its AML/CFT policymaking is relevant and appropriate in dealing with the
evolving threats.
(FATF) The Strategic Surveillance Initiative
The objectives of the initiative are to:
- detect and share information on the types of criminal or terrorist activity that pose
an emerging threat to the financial system - develop a more strategic and longer-term view of these threats than had previously
been possible
The Council of Europe
- protect human rights, democracy and the rule of law
- promote awareness and encourage the development of Europe’s cultural identity
and diversity - find common solutions to the challenges facing European society
- consolidate democratic stability in Europe by backing political, legislative and
constitutional reform.
The Group of States against Corruption (GRECO) (The Council of EU)
- to monitor member states’ compliance with the Council’s anti-corruption standards.
GRECO’s objective is to improve the capacity of its members to fight corruption by
monitoring their compliance with Council of Europe anti-corruption standards through
- GRECO helps to identify
deficiencies in national anti-corruption policies, prompting the necessary legislative,
institutional and practical reforms. - GRECO also provides a platform for the sharing of best
practice in the prevention and detection of corruption. - Membership of GRECO is not limited to Council of Europe member states