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Emergency Medical Response > Unit 2: The Human Body Ch. 4-6 > Flashcards

Unit 2: The Human Body Ch. 4-6 Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Brady

A

Slow

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1
Q

Tachy

A

Rapid

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2
Q

Anatomical position

A

When you refer to right and left; this is the patient’s right and left

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3
Q

Supine

A

Lying on back facing up

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4
Q

Prone

A

Lying on stomach

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5
Q

Right lateral recumbent

A

Lying on right side (recovery postion)

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6
Q

Left lateral recumbent

A

Lying on left side (recovery position)

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7
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

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8
Q

Midline

A

Imaginary vertical line drawn through the center of the body dividing it into equal parts

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9
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

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10
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head

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11
Q

Inferior

A

Toward the feet

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12
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the point of attachment

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13
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the point of attachment

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14
Q

Anterior/ventral

A

Toward the front

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15
Q

Posterior/dorsal

A

Toward the back

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16
Q

Superficial

A

Toward the surface

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17
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Contains the brain

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18
Q

Thoracic cavity (chest)

A

Contains the heart, lungs, great vessels trachea, and esophagus

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19
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Contain the stomach, intestines, liver, galbladder, pancreas, spleen, appendix, and kidneys.

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20
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of structure

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21
Q

Topographic anatomy

A

Looks at the external surfaces and the shapes given by underlying structures

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22
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Structures visible to the naked eye

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23
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

Only visible through microscope

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24
Q

Physiology

A

The study of biological function

25
Q

Homeostasis

A

Body’s state of balance between all the body processes

26
Q

Ligaments

A

Structures that attach bone to bone

27
Q

Cranium

A

Part of the skull containing the brain

28
Q

Immovable joints

A

Bone joints that are fused together

Ex: parietal bones of the cranium

29
Q

Slightly movable joints

A

Bones of these joints that have a limited range of motion

Ex: joints that make up the spinal column

30
Q

Freely movable joints

A

Bones at these joints have a great range of motion

31
Q

Voluntary muscle

A

Skeletal or striated muscle, is under voluntary control

32
Q

Involuntary muscle

A

Is also called smooth muscle, not under conscious control

33
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Only found in the heart

34
Q

Respiration

A

Refers to exchange of gases in the cells

35
Q

Inspiration

A

Inhalation

36
Q

Expiration

A

Exhalation

37
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

38
Q

Larynx

A

The voice box

39
Q

Trachea

A

The wind pipe

40
Q

Bronchi

A

Part of the airway branching of the trachea

41
Q

Alveoli

A

Structure at the end of the bronchioles where gas exchange occurs

42
Q

Diaphragm

A

Major muscle of the respiratory system

43
Q

Atria

A

Superior chambers of the heart

44
Q

Ventricle

A

Inferior chambers of the heart

45
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Arteries supplying the heart muscle with blood

46
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from the heart

E

As arteries become smaller they are called arterioles

47
Q

Capillaries

A

are very thin blood vessels where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between the blood and cells occurs

48
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood back to the heart

Venules are small veins that connect the capillaries to the veins

49
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

50
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Nerves that transmit impulses to and from the central nervous system

51
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Voluntary nervous system

52
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Involuntary nervous system

53
Q

Epidermis

A

Outermost layer of the skin

54
Q

Dermis

A

Middle layer of the skin

55
Q

Subcutaneous layer

A

Innermost layer of skin, mostly fat

56
Q

Stomach

A

Organ in the digestive system where material is churned with digestive systems

57
Q

Kidney

A

Organ of the urinary system that filters blood

58
Q

Ureter

A

Tube that carries urine from kidney to the urinary bladder

59
Q

Urinary bladder

A

Organ that stores urine

60
Q

Urethra

A

Canal that carries urine from the urinary bladder out of the body

Emergency Medical Response (2 decks)

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