Unit 2: The Global Cold War And China's Communist Revolution Flashcards
Iron Curtain
1948; Europe divided by communism
Containment
Prevent communism from spreading to any more nations
United Nations
- 50 nations
- an international peace-keeping organization
- to avoid the weakness of the nations
The Berlin Wall
- Symbol of the cold war division of Europe
- destroyed in 1989
Marshall Plan
- Massive US economic assistance to nations of W. Europe
- discourage communism and encourage capitalism
Jiang Jieshi
- Nationalist leader of China
- Joined the Allies and participated in the founding of the UN
Mao Zedong
- CCP (communist) leader
- gained more support especially in the rural areas
Great Leap Forward
1958; unsuccessful effort to boost both agricultural and industrial output
Cultural Revolution
1960; social and political movement that eliminated political opposition, disrupted education and the economy
Deng Xiaoping
1976; took control after a power struggle of Mao
Four Moderations
Deng Xiaoping introduced incentives such as private farming plots to encourage production
Tiediman Square
1989; student protests favoring a more democratic system were tolerated for a few weeks, but crushed by military
Third World
Countries not identified with either non-communist or communism
Non- Aligned Movement
- Led by India, refusal to side exclusively with either superpower in the Cold war
- resisted the effort by superpowers to judge all countries by whether they support communism or not
Kim IL Sung
Leader of communist dictatorship in North Korea
Kim Dae Jung
- former political prisoner
- received a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to reunite the two Koreas
Domino Theory
Idea that, if allowed to spread, communism would spread across nations of Asia like falling dominoes
Ho Chi Man
- Nationalist leader
- Fought French imperialism in Indochina
- Formed the Viet Minh (revolutionary army; communism)
French Indochina
1945-1954; after the defeat of Japan, France tried to regain its colony
Dien Bien Phu
Major defeat for French forces by Viet Minh and France wanted out of Vietnam
Vietcong
South Vietnamese communists
Fidel Castro
1959; Cuban revolutionary leader
Bay of Pigs Invasion
1961; CIA trained Cuban exiles unsuccessfully attemtped to overthrow Castro’s government
Missile Crisis
1962; USSR began construction of missile launches in Cuba
Cold War
Tensions between communism and non-communism
