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AP Computer Science > Unit 2 Test > Flashcards

Unit 2 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

A machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers and smart sensors.

A

Computer Device

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2
Q

A GROUP of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose.

A

Computer System

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3
Q

A group of INTERCONNECTED computing devices capable of sending or receiving data.

A

Computer Network

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4
Q

The series of connections between the computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.

A

Path

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5
Q

The MAXIMUM amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured by bits per second.

A

Bandwidth

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6
Q

An Agreed- upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system.

A

Protocol

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7
Q

The UNIQUE number assigned to each device on the internet.

A

IP Address

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8
Q

A PROTOCOL for sending data across the internet that assigns a unique numbers to each device.

A

Internet Protocol

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9
Q

The internet uses _____ and ______ to communicate across the shared internet?

A

Internet Protocol and IP Addresses

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10
Q

A type of computer that forwards data across a network.

A

Router

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11
Q

Inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail.
Example: Having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network.

A

Redundancy

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12
Q

When a device can continue to function even if an individual component fails.

A

Fault Tolerant

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13
Q

True or False
Paths can be sent out of order.

A

True

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14
Q

Information passed through the internet in packets.

A

Data Stream

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15
Q

A chunk of data sent over a network.

A

Packet

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16
Q

Data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message

A

Packet MetaData

17
Q

A protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error

A

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

18
Q

The capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demand.

A

Scalability

19
Q

The system responsible for translating domain names like example.com into IP addresses.

A

Domain Name System (DNS)

20
Q

A system of linked pages, programs and files

A

World Wide Web (WWW)

21
Q

Protocol for computers to request and share pages that make up the world wide web on the internet

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

22
Q

True or False
The World Wide Web is the same as the internet

A

FALSE
- The world wide web are files, web pages and media
- The Internet is the network that we use to get the files, web pages and media

23
Q

True or False
DNS is important system to help the internet scale.

A

TRUE

23
Q

Which of the following is a primary reason for the use of open protocols on the Internet?

A
Open protocols allow devices to specify how data packets are to be routed on the Internet in advance.

B
Open protocols ensure that all data transmission on the Internet is kept secure.

C
Open protocols ensure that all Internet users are provided connections with equal bandwidth.

D
Open protocols provide a way to standardize data transmission between different devices.

A

D
Open protocols provide a way to standardize data transmission between different devices.

24
Q

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet?

Responses
A
The World Wide Web is a protocol that is accessed using a data stream called the Internet.

B
The World Wide Web is a system of linked pages, programs, and files that is accessed using a data stream called the Internet.

C
The World Wide Web is a system of linked pages, programs, and files that is accessed via a network called the Internet.

D
The World Wide Web is a Web site that is accessed using a protocol called the Internet.

A

C
The World Wide Web is a system of linked pages, programs, and files that is accessed via a network called the Internet.

25
Q

Which of the following best explains how messages are typically transmitted over the Internet?

Responses
A
The message is broken into packets that are transmitted in a specified order. Each packet must be received in the order it was sent for the message to be correctly reassembled by the recipient’s device.

B
The message is broken into packets. The packets can be received in any order and still be reassembled by the recipient’s device.

C
The message is broken into two packets. One packet contains the data to be transmitted and the other packet contains metadata for routing the data to the recipient’s device.

D
The message is transmitted as a single file and received in whole by the recipient’s device.

A

B
The message is broken into packets. The packets can be received in any order and still be reassembled by the recipient’s device.

26
Q

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a contributing factor to the digital divide?

Responses
A
Some individuals and groups are economically disadvantaged and cannot afford computing devices or Internet connectivity.

B
Some individuals and groups do not have the necessary experience or education to use computing devices or the Internet effectively.

C
Some parents prefer to limit the amount of time their children spend using computing devices or the Internet.

D
Some residents in remote regions of the world do not have access to the infrastructure necessary to support reliable Internet connectivity.

A

C
Some parents prefer to limit the amount of time their children spend using computing devices or the Internet.

27
Q

Which of the following actions is most likely to be effective in reducing the digital divide at a local level?

Responses
A
Creating an application that offers coupons and discounts for local businesses

B
Offering a discount to utility customers who pay their bills online instead of by mail

C
Providing free community access to computers at schools, libraries, and community centers

D
Requiring applicants for local government jobs to complete an online application

A

C
Providing free community access to computers at schools, libraries, and community centers

28
Q

Which of the following actions is most likely to help reduce the digital divide?

Responses
A
Adding a requirement that all users of a popular social media site link their accounts with a phone number.

B
Deploying satellites and other infrastructure to provide inexpensive Internet access to remote areas of Earth

C
Digitizing millions of books from university libraries, making their full text available online

D
Offering improved Internet connections to Internet users who are willing to pay a premium fee for more bandwidth

A

B
Deploying satellites and other infrastructure to provide inexpensive Internet access to remote areas of Earth

29
Q

Which of the following best explains how fault tolerance in a network is achieved?

Responses
A
By providing high-bandwidth connections between devices, enabling data packets to be transmitted as quickly as possible

B
By providing multiple paths between devices, enabling routing to occur even in the presence of a failed component

C
By providing open network protocols, ensuring that all devices on the network are interacting in a standard way

D
By providing software to monitor all network traffic, ensuring that data packets are sent and received in the proper order

A

B
By providing multiple paths between devices, enabling routing to occur even in the presence of a failed component

30
Q

Which of the following best explains how the Internet is a fault-tolerant system?

Responses
A
The Internet is fault-tolerant because cybercriminals can conceal their actions, allowing them the ability to carry out faulty actions without leaving a trace.

B
The Internet is fault-tolerant because there are usually multiple paths between devices, allowing messages to sometimes be sent even when parts of the network fail.

C
The Internet is fault-tolerant because users can transmit messages using a variety of different protocols, allowing them to use devices from any manufacturer.

D
The Internet is fault-tolerant because users usually understand and accept the fact that servers sometimes fail, allowing network engineers to repair faulty devices as quickly as possible.

A

B
The Internet is fault-tolerant because there are usually multiple paths between devices, allowing messages to sometimes be sent even when parts of the network fail.

31
Q

Which of the following is a primary benefit of making a computing system fault-tolerant?

Responses
A
If one component of the system fails, users of the system can often still access it.

B
If one component of the system is hacked, no information will be stolen.

C
If the system becomes too expensive, making it fault-tolerant will save money.

D
If the system cannot operate efficiently, making it fault-tolerant will speed up its operation.

A

A
If one component of the system fails, users of the system can often still access it.

32
Q

Which of the following statements best explains the ability of the network to provide fault tolerance?

Responses
A
The network is considered fault-tolerant because there are redundant paths between each pair of devices.

B
The network is considered fault-tolerant because it guarantees that no individual component will fail.

C
The network is not considered fault-tolerant because it relies on physical connections.

D
The network is not considered fault-tolerant because it provides more paths than are needed.

A

A
The network is considered fault-tolerant because there are redundant paths between each pair of devices.

33
Q
A

AP Computer Science (5 decks)

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