Unit 2 Study Guide

Question 1

Define Pronatalist

Answer 1

Relating to the policy or practice of encouraging people to have children

Question 2

Define Malthusian Theory

Answer 2

Resources don’t grow with population, leading to lack of food in rapid population growths.

Question 3

Define Remittance

Answer 3

Money immigrants send back to family and friends in their home countries, often in cash

Question 4

Define Demographics

Answer 4

Data about the structures and characteristics of human populations

Question 5

Explain Brain Drain

Answer 5

the loss of trained or educated people to the lure of of work in another often richer country

Question 6

Explain Brain Gain

Answer 6

an increase in the number of highly trained, foreign-born professionals entering a country to live and work where greater opportunities are offered

Question 7

Explain Refugee

Answer 7

a person who is forced to leave his or her country for fear of persecution or death

Question 8

What is the difference between population density and population distribution?

Answer 8

Population distribution refers to the spatial pattern of population in an area.
Population density refers to the ratio of the population and the size of the area they live in.

Question 9

Where do people tend to be clustered? Where do they live and why?

Answer 9

Physical factors like altitude, people tend to live in places with a lower altitude due to lack of oxygen. Landforms, places with flatter land that is less rugged, river valleys, and climate(places that are not too cold or hot play a big part in farming).
Human factors like places with more economic opportunities, more jobs and money in general and places with more technology, political events that cause people to migrate, people tend to live in or near cities.

Question 10

Describe some the of positive consequences of pronatalist policies

Answer 10

Some positive consequences might be increased birth rates and a larger labor force, which can stimulate economic growth.

Question 11

Describe some the of negative consequences of pronatalist policies

Answer 11

Negative consequences can include overpopulation, which could lead to a strain on resources. An increase in cost of child care could also result. Job opportunities mostly for women could be affected due to traditional gender roles limiting career opportunities.

Question 12

Describe some the of positive consequences of antinatalist policies

Answer 12

Antinatalist policies can have positive outcomes like less expenses to raise children, which can result in economic stability. Overconsumption caused by areas with a high population can be mitigated and have environmental benefits.

Question 13

Describe some the of negative consequences of antinatalist policies

Answer 13

Negative consequences like labor shortages with young workers, demographic changes with an aging population can happen. Gender imbalances where one gender is favored can lead to signifigant differences in male and female population which are all consequences of antinatalism.

Question 14

How can women affect demographic changes?

Answer 14

Depends on of they play a egalitarian role or a traditional role. Higher fertility rates with more traditional gender roles. >status when access to education. Less children with family planning( contraceptives) >focus on careers means less infant death and maternal fatality. Women are less likely to babies when stays is elevated.

Question 15

What are pull factors?

Answer 15

Pull factors attract migrants somewhere causing immigration examples are job opportunities, more equality, access to education, and a desirable climate.

Question 16

What are push factors?

Answer 16

Push factors are reasons someone might emigrate out of a place or country examples are poverty, war and over population, natural disasters, and lack of resources.

Question 17

What are the birth and death rates for each stage of the DTM (demographic transition model)

Answer 17

Stage 1- Birth rate and Death rate are very high but balanced
Stage 2- High Birth Rate and the Death rate falls rapidly
Stage 3- Birth rate starts to fall and death rate evens out.
Stage 4- Death and Birth rate balance out
Stage 5- Death Rate grows and Birth rate falls.

Question 18

What are the economic effects of an aging population?

Answer 18

An aging population can affect economic growth, patterns of work and retirement, the way that families function, the ability of governments and communities to provide adequate resources for older adults, and the prevalence of chronic disease and disability. Many industrialized nations are realizing the effects of an aging population, such as a decline in the working-age population and a surge in health care costs and retirement homes.

Question 19

What are the social effects of an aging population?

Answer 19

The decline in the working-age population results in a supply shortage of qualified workers. Nations with larger older populations depend on a smaller group of people to pay for higher health costs, pension benefits, and other publicly funded programs.