Unit 2: Speech processes

Question 1

What is encoding?

Answer 1

Producing language, production of a message.

Question 2

What is decoding?

Answer 2

The mental way we understand and decode language. Requires understanding of language and topic, genre and context.

Question 3

What is the definition of Bottom up vs Top down?

Answer 3

BU: Take the words that you see or hear and use that information to build up meaning.

TD: Draw upon your knowledge of our idea of the world to make sense.

Question 4

What is the definition of Garden Path? Give an example.

Answer 4

Interpreting something one way, realise you were wrong, interpret another way.

Example: “the old man the boat”

Question 5

Name some speech errors and what they mean:

Answer 5

Exchange: 2 elements swap positions
Anticipation: Sound from later is used earlier.
Preservation: A sound from earlier is used later.
Substitution: Substituting a different word, either phonological or semantic
Blending: Blend 2 words to make a nonsense word.
Metathesis: 2 sounds swap positions.