Unit 2 Similarities among living things Flashcards
Biology is the study of….
life and livingthings
In order to be considered living, organisms must perform certain processes called…
life functions
an organism means
a living thing
name 9 life functions
nutrition, transport, regulation, respiration, excretion, synthesis, metabolism, growth, reproduction
nutrition is the process by which organisms
obtain and process food
autotroph
an organism able to make its own food
heterotroph
an organism unable to make itsownfood
ingestion
the process by which food is taken in from the environment
digestion
the process that changes food into a form that can be used by the cell
describe digestion
large complex molecules are broken down into small simple molecules
what is food used for
supplying energy for life activities and materials for the growth and repair of cells
transport
the process involved with the circulation and absorption of nutrients
circulation
the movement of materials within cells or throughout an organism
absorption
the process by which usable materials are taken into the cell
nutrients
the usable parts of food
respiration
the process that is a complex series of chemical reactions that release energy for life activities
how is an organism’s energy stored
in food nutrients
aerobic organisms
organisms that need oxygen for respiration
anaerobic organisms
organisms that do not need oxygen for respiration
excretion
the process by which gaseous or liquid waste materials produced in the cell as a result of life activities are removed
what are some common products excreted from cells
water and carbon dioxide (CO2)
egestion
the process by which undigested materials are removed from the body
regulation
the life activity responsible for the control and coordination of all the various activities of an organism
which systems are responsible for regulation
the nervous and the endocrine system
stimulus
a change in the internal or external environment
give examples of stimuli
light temperature, sound,
synthesis
the process by which living things are able to produce complex substances
give an example of synthesis
during photosynthesis green plants make complex compunds from simpler materials
growth
an increase in size or number of cells of an organism
reproduction
the production of new individuals
cell division
process by which cells reproduce
metabolism
all the processes needed by an organism to maintain life
homeostasis
the maintenance of a stable internal environment in spite of changes in the external environment
