Unit 2 Section B Review

Question 1

Which portion of our planet is the major supply house for the production of manufactured goods?

Answer 1

Lithosphere

Question 2

What name is given to a rock or mineral that we can recover a metal from?

Answer 2

Ore

Question 3

Water, NaCl, Mg²⁺, S^2-, Ca²⁺ are some of the resources present in which layer of our planet?

Answer 3

Hydrosphere

Question 4

Name the major layers of our planet.

Answer 4

atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere

Question 5

What term is given to a naturally occurring solid substance commonly removed from ores to obtain a particular element of interest or value?

Answer 5

mineral

Question 6

Gases like nitrogen, oxygen, neon and argon are some of the resources present in which layer of our planet?

Answer 6

atmosphere

Question 7

What are some important factors when deciding whether to mine a specific ore over another

Answer 7

distance from mine to refinery, percent of metal in the ore, type of mining and processing required

Question 8

Why is copper the world’s most common metal used for electrical wiring?

Answer 8

It is ductile, resistant to corrsion, and has a relatively low cost

Question 9

We currently mine ores of copper that contains what percent of copper?

Answer 9

Less than 1 percent

Question 10

In the lab, Converting Copper, copper was heated until a black product was formed. How did the mass of the crucible contents change after heating?

Answer 10

it increased (oxygen in the air reacted with the copper to form the compound CuO)

Question 11

A metal is usually obtained from its ore by this process.

Answer 11

reduction

Question 12

Very reactive metals such as lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and aluminum would most likely be obtained by this method.

Answer 12

electrolysis

Question 13

True or False: Reduction is always accompanied by oxidation.

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

True or False: Reduction involves gaining of electrons.

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

True or False: Reduction is the process whereby metals rust.

Answer 15

FALSE

Question 16

True or False: Reduction of minerals often produces elemental

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

People discovered how to obtain iron from its ore at a much later date than they discovered how to obtain copper from its ore. What is the principle reason for this delay in discovering iron?

Answer 17

Iron is more reactive than coppyer and people at that time were not able to reach temperatures high enough to separate it.

Question 18

A strip of magnesium is placed into a water solution of Cu⁺² ions. What happens?

Answer 18

it reacts because magnesium is more reactive than copper

Question 19

Which of the following element is likely to be most reactive? Li, Ca, N, C, Kr

Answer 19

Li

Question 20

The fact copper is quite ductile lets us make what thing from it?

Answer 20

wiring

Question 21

What happens in a redox reaction?

Answer 21

both oxidation and reduction occur - the losing and gaining of electrons(s)

Question 22

Which of the following reactions is more likely to occur?

a) Ni + Ag⁺² —> Ni⁺² + Ag
b) Ag + Ni⁺² —> Ag⁺² + Ni

Answer 22

a) Ni + Ag⁺² —> Ni⁺² + Ag

because nickel is more reactive than silver, nickel will “kick off” silver and form a nickel compound and pure metal silver

Question 23

Define the term ore:

Answer 23

a mixture of compounds found on earth that contain a desired metal within a mineral(s) and many compounds that are useless to us.

Question 24

The more reactive metals are ( easier, harder ) to separate from an ionic compound than the less reactive metals.

Answer 24

harder

Question 25

A metal reactivity series ( does, does not ) help you to predict if reactions are likely to occur.

Answer 25

does

Question 26

A ( more, less ) active metal will replace a ( more, less ) active metal from its compound.

Answer 26

more, less

Question 27

Reduction involves any process in which

electrons are ( gained, lost ).

Answer 27

gained

Question 28

( Oxidation, Reduction ) involves any process in which electrons are gained.

Answer 28

Reduction

Question 29

Hydrometallurgy involves the use of ___ to obtain metals from their ores.

Answer 29

water

Question 30

Obtaining a metal from its mineral requires the addition of __ and a source of electrons.

Answer 30

energy

Question 31

Copper resources are (evenly, unevenly) distributed throughout the world.

Answer 31

unevenly

Question 32

Lead ( will, will not ) replace potassium in KNO₃.

Answer 32

will not

Question 33

MgCl₂ is ( easier, harder ) to separate into ions than ZnCl₂.

Answer 33

harder

because magnesium is more reactive than zinc - Mg is higher on the reactivity series

Question 34

Using the Activity Series of metals, how would you determine if a reaction will or will not take place?

Answer 34

a more reactive metal will replace a less active metal from its compound

Question 35

Why were copper, gold and silver among the first metallic elements discovered?

Answer 35

they are both very unreactive so they were discovered in their free state

Question 36

Write a redox reaction for the following:

zinc ions with magnesium atoms to form zinc atoms and magnesium ions

Answer 36

Zn⁺² + Mg –> Zn + Mg⁺²

Question 37

Oxidation or Reduction:

Cu –> Cu²⁺ + 2e^-

Answer 37

Oxidation

Question 38

Oxidation or Reduction:

Mg²⁺ + 2e^- –> Mg

Answer 38

Reduction

Question 39

What is the treatment of metals and their ores by heat, such as in a blast furnace?

Answer 39

pyrometallurgy