unit 2 sac 2

Question 1

define sustainable development

Answer 1

development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet there own needs

Question 2

define renewable energy

Answer 2

energy that can be obtained from natural resources that can be constantly replenished

Question 3

define ecosystem

Answer 3

a community of interdependent species and their environment

Question 4

define greenhouse gas

Answer 4

a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. created from fossil fuels and realised into the atmosphere, heating it up and causes issues such as global warming.

Question 5

biotic

Answer 5

a living organsim, such as plants, animals, fungi, bacteria.

Question 6

abiotic

Answer 6

a non living feature of the environment such as water, sunlight, soil, air.

Question 7

components of the ecosystem

Answer 7

organism, species, population, community

Question 8

community

Answer 8

consists of a number of populations of different species living together in an environment

Question 9

population

Answer 9

a group of organisms of the same species living together in one area

Question 10

species

Answer 10

is a group of organisms of the same type which are capable of interacting

Question 11

organsim

Answer 11

refers to single living things

Question 12

producer

Answer 12

plants

Question 13

consumer

Answer 13

animals

Question 14

decomposers

Answer 14

breakdown organic material and use the decomposition products to supply themselves with energy e.g; fungi

Question 15

why are decomposers important

Answer 15

without decomposers, important elements would remain permanently in dead organisms and therefore remain unavailable for use by new generations of organisms

Question 16

food chain

Answer 16

follows a simple path as animals eat each other

Question 17

food web

Answer 17

shows how plants and animals are interconnected by different paths (many connections)

Question 18

the atmosphere

Answer 18

the gas that surrounds the earth. we reply on this for o2 and nitrogen. o2 only exists at levels that can sustain us in a 4km band
closest link to global warming, green house gases
humans have the most impact on the atmosphere - fossil fuels

Question 19

precipiation

Answer 19

water released from clouds in the form of rain snow or hail

Question 20

evaporation

Answer 20

the process of a liquids surface changing into gas

Question 21

condensation

Answer 21

the formation of clouds

Question 22

transpiration

Answer 22

the discharge of water into the atmosphere from the leaves and stems of plants

Question 23

infiltration

Answer 23

the process by which precipitation or water soaks into the subsurface soils and move into rocks through cracks and pore surfaces

Question 24

run off

Answer 24

water absorbed into the soils

Question 25

artistic understandings

Answer 25

refers to how artists have depicted the outdoor environments overtime
painters, musicians, sculptures etc
artistic depictions of the environment can be different from whats really true
early white settlers did this

Question 26

nicolas chevailer

Answer 26

a european painter who lived during the late colionial period
Visited and painted Mount Arapiles
he manipulated the painting to make it look more ascetically pleasing.
he made grasses more lush, water more abundant, and more cattle present

Question 27

primary succession

Answer 27

the change to an area where no soil has existed before (first time)

Question 28

secondary succession

Answer 28

when a developed ecosystem (soil already exists) gets interrupted by natural distasters (fire, fuels, human destruction e.g. logging farming)
secondary succession occurs faster than primary as the environment has already been developed.

Question 29

flood

Answer 29

leads to finical loss, loss of lives, significant loss around farming (livestock crops)

Question 30

fire

Answer 30

indigenous Australians used to use fire stick farming
controlled burn which rejuvenated the land controlled where the animas moved (for hunting purposes), reduced fuel load
europeans came and stopped fire stick farming. this increased fires and fuel load

Question 31

native vegetation

Answer 31

plants that would of grown naturally before european settlement

Question 32

why is native vegetation important

Answer 32

minimises impacts of greenhouse gases
prevents land degradation (erosion, salinity)
provides habitats for plants and animals
maintains long term productive captivity of the land
shelter, shade, protects water quality

Question 33

indigenous interactions

Answer 33

nomadic lifestyle - indigenous australians moved around depending on the seasoning weather
hunter gatherer - the practise of collecting food sources through hunting and collecting
firestick farming

Question 34

impacts of indigenous interactions

Answer 34

moving around didn’t use up all the resources in one area and allowed time for areas to regenerate and grow
fire stick farming enhanced the regrowth of vegetation
hunter gather lifestyle is sustainable because they only collected what they need
does no require land to be cleared like farming which keeps biodiversity

Question 35

consequences of removing a component of the ecosystem

Answer 35

disrupts flow of energy
limits food sources for predators
reduces biodiversity 
habitat disruption
can lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem by increasing the population of an organisms prey