Unit 2 - Sac 1 Flashcards
Definition of Biodiversity:
The variety of all life forms, the different plants, animals and micro-organisms, the genes they contain and the ecosystems of which they form a part.
Definition of Hypothermia
Hypothermia is a dangerous condition in which the core body temperature drops below 35 degrees celsius.
Position and aspect
Geographical location is an important determinant in the development of environment types.
-In Victoria, the vegetation on a hillside facing South (Southerly aspect) will typically have more shade be cooler, wetter, have greater levels of soil moisture, shorter trees and ferns dominate these areas when compared to a slope facing the North. For example Mitchell River.
What is conduction?
Conduction is where heat passes out the body directly into a cooler object, such as the ground an injured person is lying on.
What is convection?
Heat arises away from the body into the air. Clothing can help prevent this. For example wind chill.
What is evaporation?
Heat is removed from the body as water or perspiration evaporates and the skin dries.
What is radiation?
Radiation is when heat is given off to a cooler environment directly. For example if you stood at the beach in your bathers you would start to get cold. However if you jump into the water you would significantly be colder due to radiation.
What are some signs and symptoms?
- Feeling cold
- Pale and cool skin
- Loss of concentration, poor judgement
- Shivering
- Loss of fine motor skills
- Confusion
- Slowed breathing
First aid strategy for hypothermia
Hypothermia wrap- Can be made from items found on Outdoor ed camps. To successfully do this a waterproof outer layer is needed such as a tarp, then sleeping pads or a mattress is put down for insulation from the ground. Sleeping bags are then used or dry blankets, head coverings are needed as well as water bottles.
Other first aid strategies:
- Do not massage or rub the person
- Move the person out of the cold
- Remove wet clothing
- Try to warm the person
- Don’t give them alcohol
- Do not leave the person alone
- Monitor breathing
What is the material of the base layer and its purpose?
Marino wool or polypropylene.
Helps to wick moisture/sweat vapour from the skin to regulate body temperature.
What is the material of the middle layer and its purpose?
Polarfleece or softshell
Main purpose is insulation and to trap in body heat.
What is the material of the outer layer and its purpose?
Gor-tex or nylon
Protects you against wind and rain, usually lightweight and breathable.
