Unit 2 Review Flashcards
What are the two basic types of trusses?
- Pitched or common truss (triangular shape)
- Parallel chord or flat truss (used in floor systems)
What are the structural members that connect the top and bottom of trusses called?
Webs
What are the spaces within the web of a truss called?
Panels
What are two common materials used for trusses?
- Wood
- Steel
A truss acts like a _______ _______.
Deep beam
True or false: a truss can have point loads applied to any part of its length
False. They can only have point loads applied to its nodes or connecting pins.
Why are trusses stronger than beams?
Because of the wide separation between their top and bottom chords.
Are trusses statically determinate?
Yes
What do frames usually consist of?
- Post and beam systems, or
- Wall and slab systems
What makes a rigid frame different than a post and beam frame?
Rigid frames make use of fixed joints or moment connections, rather than having connections that are free to rotate.
True or false: frames are good are resisting lateral loads.
False. They are only good at resisting vertical loads.
What are four ways to provide lateral resistance in frames?
- Fixing the base of each post
- Connecting the post and beam rigidly (as in the legs of a table)
- Using knee or cross bracing
- Using a sufficiently rigid infilling panel
What is a gabled frame?
A frame in which two beam elements are joined at the top of the gable peak
What is a moment connection?
It is a connection joint between a beam and column where the end of the beam is restrained from rotating
What are plates? (3)
- They are flat (planar) structures
- usually make of monolithic (consisting of one piece) material,
- whose depths are small compared to other dimensions
What material is most commonly used for structural walls and plates?
Reinforced concrete
What two structural properties are much greater in folded plates than flat plates? (2)
- Stiffness (in carrying vertical loads)
- Span capacity
What are sandwich panels?
A panel that has flat plates on both ends and a folded plate in the middle
What loads do folded plates carry? (2)
- Bending
- Shear
What is the maximum deflection for beams?
L/360
What is the maximum detectable deflection for beams?
L/180
What are the four factors that affect column buckling?
- Column end restraints
- Material
- Cross-sectional geometry
- Column length
True or false: do columns buckle before they reach their ultimate material strength?
True
