Unit 2 Review

Question 1

In nuclear notation, where is the number of protons located?

Answer 1

To the left of the atomic symbol, under mass number

Question 2

The mass number of an element is the combined mass of —— and ——-

Answer 2

Protons and neutrons

Question 3

How many pounds of force separate the protons of the nucleus?

Answer 3

29 pounds

Question 4

What is the “strong force?”

Answer 4

The force pushing inward on an atom keeping the protons together

Question 5

Adding the mass of the individual protons and neutrons produces a mass larger or smaller mass than the actual mass of the nucleus?

Answer 5

Larger

Question 6

Would a stable isotope have a high or low binding energy?

Answer 6

High binding energy

Question 7

Unstable isotopes with low binding energies that decay over time

Answer 7

Radioisotopes

Question 8

Involves a loss of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, the same number as a helium atom

Answer 8

Alpha decay

Question 9

A neutron breaks up into a proton that remains in the nucleus, and an electron that is emitted

Answer 9

Beta decay

Question 10

Decay where electromagnetic energy is released from atoms (no mass is lost)

Answer 10

Gamma decay

Question 11

Matter is…

Answer 11

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 12

Base unit of mass is

Answer 12

Grams

Question 13

Base unit of volume is

Answer 13

Liters

Question 14

The word atomos means

Answer 14

Indivisible

Question 15

Who came up with the word and theory of atomos

Answer 15

Democritus

Question 16

Daltons atomic theory states that..

Answer 16

Every element is composed of atoms, all atoms of an element have the same mass, atoms form in simple whole number ratios to form compounds

Question 17

Substance made from two or more atoms

Answer 17

Molecules

Question 18

Substances made from atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded

Answer 18

Compounds

Question 19

Definite shape and volume

Answer 19

Sokid

Question 20

Definite volume, indeterminate shape

Answer 20

Liquid

Question 21

No definite volume or shape

Answer 21

Gas

Question 22

High temperature matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons

Answer 22

Plasma

Question 23

Have a fixed composition and the same properties throughout

Answer 23

Pure substances

Question 24

A combination of two or more different particles that do not react with one another

Answer 24

Mixtures

Question 25

Uniform composition throughout (mixture)

Answer 25

Homogeneous mixture

Question 26

Non uniform composition throughout (mixture)

Answer 26

Heterogeneous mixture

Question 27

One substance is dissolved in another substance

Answer 27

Solutions

Question 28

Salt and water is an example of what type of mixture

Answer 28

Solutions (homogeneous mixture)

Question 29

Large particles that do not dissolve (heterogeneous mixture)

Answer 29

Suspensions

Question 30

Muddy water and flout in water are examples of what type of heterogeneous mixture?

Answer 30

Suspensions

Question 31

Using light to shine through mixtures

Answer 31

The Tyndall effect

Question 32

Depend on the amount of matter that is present

Answer 32

Extensive properties

Question 33

Do NOT depend on the amount of matter you have

Answer 33

Intensive properies

Question 34

A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

Answer 34

Chemical change

Question 35

Who discovered the electron

Answer 35

JJ Thompson (plum pudding model)

Question 36

Who discovered the nucleus using the gold foil experiment

Answer 36

Ernest Rutherford

Question 37

Who created the model of the atom having specific orbits of electrons

Answer 37

Niels Bohr

Question 38

Who came up with the probability cloud for electrons in an atom

Answer 38

Erwin Schrödinger

Question 39

Who discovered the neutron?

Answer 39

James Chadwick

Question 40

Substances that are made up of the same element but have differing number of neutrons

Answer 40

Isotopes

Question 41

Splitting of an atom into smaller fragments

Answer 41

Nuclear fissiob

Question 42

Process of combining nuclei under extremely high temperatures and pressures to form new atoms

Answer 42

Nuclear fusion