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Chemistry > Unit 2 Review > Flashcards

Unit 2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

In nuclear notation, where is the number of protons located?

A

To the left of the atomic symbol, under mass number

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2
Q

The mass number of an element is the combined mass of —— and ——-

A

Protons and neutrons

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3
Q

How many pounds of force separate the protons of the nucleus?

A

29 pounds

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4
Q

What is the “strong force?”

A

The force pushing inward on an atom keeping the protons together

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5
Q

Adding the mass of the individual protons and neutrons produces a mass larger or smaller mass than the actual mass of the nucleus?

A

Larger

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6
Q

Would a stable isotope have a high or low binding energy?

A

High binding energy

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7
Q

Unstable isotopes with low binding energies that decay over time

A

Radioisotopes

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8
Q

Involves a loss of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, the same number as a helium atom

A

Alpha decay

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9
Q

A neutron breaks up into a proton that remains in the nucleus, and an electron that is emitted

A

Beta decay

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10
Q

Decay where electromagnetic energy is released from atoms (no mass is lost)

A

Gamma decay

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11
Q

Matter is…

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

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12
Q

Base unit of mass is

A

Grams

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13
Q

Base unit of volume is

A

Liters

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14
Q

The word atomos means

A

Indivisible

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15
Q

Who came up with the word and theory of atomos

A

Democritus

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16
Q

Daltons atomic theory states that..

A

Every element is composed of atoms, all atoms of an element have the same mass, atoms form in simple whole number ratios to form compounds

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17
Q

Substance made from two or more atoms

A

Molecules

18
Q

Substances made from atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded

A

Compounds

19
Q

Definite shape and volume

A

Sokid

20
Q

Definite volume, indeterminate shape

A

Liquid

21
Q

No definite volume or shape

A

Gas

22
Q

High temperature matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons

A

Plasma

23
Q

Have a fixed composition and the same properties throughout

A

Pure substances

24
Q

A combination of two or more different particles that do not react with one another

A

Mixtures

25
Q

Uniform composition throughout (mixture)

A

Homogeneous mixture

26
Q

Non uniform composition throughout (mixture)

A

Heterogeneous mixture

27
Q

One substance is dissolved in another substance

A

Solutions

28
Q

Salt and water is an example of what type of mixture

A

Solutions (homogeneous mixture)

29
Q

Large particles that do not dissolve (heterogeneous mixture)

A

Suspensions

30
Q

Muddy water and flout in water are examples of what type of heterogeneous mixture?

A

Suspensions

31
Q

Using light to shine through mixtures

A

The Tyndall effect

32
Q

Depend on the amount of matter that is present

A

Extensive properties

33
Q

Do NOT depend on the amount of matter you have

A

Intensive properies

34
Q

A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

A

Chemical change

35
Q

Who discovered the electron

A

JJ Thompson (plum pudding model)

36
Q

Who discovered the nucleus using the gold foil experiment

A

Ernest Rutherford

37
Q

Who created the model of the atom having specific orbits of electrons

A

Niels Bohr

38
Q

Who came up with the probability cloud for electrons in an atom

A

Erwin Schrödinger

39
Q

Who discovered the neutron?

A

James Chadwick

40
Q

Substances that are made up of the same element but have differing number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

41
Q

Splitting of an atom into smaller fragments

A

Nuclear fissiob

42
Q

Process of combining nuclei under extremely high temperatures and pressures to form new atoms

A

Nuclear fusion

Chemistry (3 decks)

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