Unit 2 Reformation Flashcards
Excommunication
The act of religious censure to remove someone from a religious community.
Reformation
The process of changing an institution or practice.
Heresy
An opinion that goes against the common belief.
95 Theses
Written by Martin Luther about his grievances about the Catholic Church
Humanism
A movement focused on the individual rather than a religious life
Printing Press
Invented by Johann Gutenberg and was used to print Bibles
Indulgences
Pardons for purchase from punishments for sin and to assure people got into Heaven
Inquisition
Used to identify and eliminate heresy through prolonged interrogation, torture, and possible execution
Pope
The leader of the Catholic Church
Council of Trent
A meeting called to examine the church doctrine and possible reform. It reduced the practice of selling indulgences
Predestination
God determines where an individual goes at birth and guides them
Counter-Reformation/Catholic Reformation
The Catholic Church’s response to the Protestant Reformation. 4 strategies
Protestant
A branchof Christianity that opposed the Catholic Church’s beliefs and reformed
Salvation through Faith
The belief that through Faith alone an individual can be saved
Theocracy
The combination of Church and State
Edict of Worms
Banned the works of Martin Luther and declared him a heretic and an enemy of the state
Pope Leo X
Considered the most corrupt and extravagant pope. Led the practice of selling indulgences
John Calvin
Believed in predestination and built a theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland
Pope Paul III
Led the counter-reformation
Henry VIII
King of England who left the Catholic Church to form the Church of England. Had six wives
Tetzel
Used indulgence fund to build the Cathedral of St. Peter in Rome
Bloody Mary
The nickname given to Queen Mary I because she killed many Protestants during her reign in an effort to bring England back to the Catholic Church
Ignatius Loyola
Started the jesuit order to combat heresy. This included a strict program of discipline, training, adn absolute obedience
Tomas de Torquemada
The first grand inquisitor in Spain. Hostility towards Jews was influenced by Ferdinand and Isabella
