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Kohn AP HUG > Unit 2 Population and Migration > Flashcards

Unit 2 Population and Migration Flashcards

Covers all of Unit 2

1
Q

Agricultural Density

A

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.

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2
Q

Agricultural Revolution

A

The time when humans beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering.

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3
Q

Arithmetic Density

A

The total number of people divided by the total land area.

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4
Q

Census

A

A complete enumeration of a population.

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5
Q

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

A

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

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6
Q

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

A

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

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7
Q

Demographic Transition

A

The process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population.

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8
Q

Demography

A

The scientific study of population characteristics.

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9
Q

Dependency Ratio

A

The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force.

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10
Q

Doubling Time

A

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

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11
Q

Ecumene

A

The portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement.

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12
Q

Epidemiologic Transition

A

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.

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13
Q

Epidemiology

A

Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality.

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14
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.

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15
Q

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

A

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in society.

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16
Q

Life Expectancy

A

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live.

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17
Q

Medical Revolution

A

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa.

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18
Q

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

A

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

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19
Q

Overpopulation

A

The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.

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20
Q

Pandemic

A

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population.

21
Q

Physiological Density

A

The number of people per unit of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.

22
Q

Population Pyramid

A

A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.

23
Q

Sex Ratio

A

The number of males per 100 females in the population.

24
Q

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

A

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.

25
Q

Zero Population Growth (ZPG)

A

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero.

26
Q

Brain Drain

A

Large-scale emigration by talented people.

27
Q

Chain Migration

A

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.

28
Q

Circulation

A

Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis.

29
Q

Counterurbanization

A

Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries.

30
Q

Emigration

A

Migration from a location.

31
Q

Floodplain

A

The area subject to flooding (of people) during a given number of years according to historical trends.

32
Q

Forced Migration

A

Permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors.

33
Q

Guest Workers

A

Workers who migrate to the more developed countries of Northern and Western Europe, usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of higher-paying jobs.

34
Q

Immigration

A

Migration to a new location.

35
Q

Internal Migration

A

Permanent movement within a particular country.

36
Q

International Migration

A

Permanent movement from one country to another.

37
Q

Interregional Migration

A

Permanent movement from one region of a country to another.

38
Q

Intervening Obstacle

A

An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration.

39
Q

Intraregional Migration

A

Permanent movement within one region of a country.

40
Q

Migration

A

Form of relocation diffusion involving a permanent move to a new location.

41
Q

Migration Transition

A

Change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes that also produce the demographic transition.

42
Q

Mobility

A

All types of movement from one location to another.

43
Q

Net Migration

A

The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.

44
Q

Pull Factor

A

Factor that induces people to move to a new location.

45
Q

Push Factor

A

Factor that induces people to leave old residences.

46
Q

Quotas

A

In reference to migration, laws that place maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year.

47
Q

Refugees

A

People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.

48
Q

Unauthorized Immigrants

A

People who enter a country without proper documents.

49
Q

Voluntary Migration

A

Permanent movement undertaken by choice.

Kohn AP HUG (7 decks)

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