Unit 2: Population and Health Flashcards
Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics
Ex. In the us, 75.8% of the population is white
Overpopulation
When the number of people living in the area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard for living
Ecumene
The portion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement. Also means it’s a livable surface.
Arithmetic density
The total number of people in an area divided by the total land area
Physiological density
The number of people per unit area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture
Agricultural density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the sociery
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.
Natural Increase Rate
The percentage growth of a population in a year, compared to the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate
Doubling Time
The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.
Total fertility rate
The average number of children a woman will have the light her childbearing years.
Infant Morality Rate (IMR)
The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year of age for every 1,000 life births in a society.
Life Expectancy
The average number of years an individual can be expected to life given current social, economic and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average numbers of years a newborn infant can expect to live.
Carrying Capacity
A species average population size in a particular habitat. The population size is limited by factors in the environment like adequate food, shelter, water, and partners
