Unit 2: Physiology and Health - Blood glucose Levels and Obesity Flashcards
What are normal glucose levels?
5 millimoles per litre.
If a person is suffering from diabetes what happens to their blood glucose levels?
Their level of blood glucose could become elevated to an abnormal level.
What happens if a person has chronic elevated blood glucose levels?
The endothelial lining the blood vessels absorb far too much glucose than normal. This causes damage to the blood vessels (atherosclerosis) and can lead to peripheral vascular disease, CVD or stroke.
Why do cells need a supply of glucose?
For respiration for energy.
What are the organs and hormones involved in glucose balance?
Pancreas and liver.
Insulin and glucagon.
When is insulin released into the body?
When glucose levels in the blood increase.
What does insulin turn glucose into?
Glycogen.
When is glucagon released into the body?
When glucose levels in the blood decrease.
Where is glycogen found in the body?
In the liver.
Where is glucagon made in the body?
The pancreas.
Where does glucagon work in the body?
In the liver.
Where are both glucagon and insulin released from?
The pancreas.
Where do the hormones glucagon and insulin released from the pancreas travel to?
The liver where they can have an affect and regulate glucose levels in the blood.
What can people with diabetes not control?
Their blood glucose levels.
At what stage of life does type 1 diabetes normally occur?
Childhood or early teens.
