Unit 2: physio as a science

Question 1

science = ? + ?

Answer 1

science = knowledge + method

Question 2

basic characteristics of scientific knowledge - 3

Answer 2

1. objectivity
2. rationality
3. systematicity

Question 3

what is a scientific method

Answer 3

formulating a hypothesis
experiments and statistical analysis

reproducibility: ability to reproduce same result anywhere and by anyone following

refutability:
* any scientific publication = open to refutation
* conducting research that gives us different results that would negate the hypothesis that has been tested

Question 4

parts of the scientific method - 7

Answer 4

1. observation
2. problem statement
3. formulation of hypothesis
4. experimentation
5. data analysis
6. conclusions
7. communication of results

Question 5

evidence based practice keys: - 4

Answer 5

1. clinical experience
2. the patient - rights, preferences, expectations, values
3. latest scientific evidence
4. all resources at your disposal

Question 6

5 steps of evidence based practice

Answer 6

1. ask - a answerable question
2. acquire/find - best evidence to answer question
3. appraise - level of scientific certainty of the evidence
4. apply: Integrate the critical appraisal with clinical expertise and with the patient’s unique biology, values, and circumstances
5. assess/evaluate: the effectiveness
   & efficiency in executing steps 1-4 and ways
   to improve for next time

Question 7

clinical reasoning def

Answer 7

process which is able to structure meaning, goals, and management strategies based on clinical data, patient choices, knowledge and professional judgement

Question 8

competencies needed in clinical reasoning - 4
(circle diagram)

Answer 8

communication
clinical presentation
physiotherapy
management

Question 9

factors influencing clinical reasoning - 3

Answer 9

• experience
• personal factors
• knowledge

Question 10

possible biases of physio

Answer 10

• reasoning
• patients attitude
• beliefs
• prognosis

Question 11

clinical reasoning models

initial model

Answer 11

model not suitable for physiotherapy as our reasoning is based on function

Question 12

clinical reasoning models

collaborative clinical reasoning model

Answer 12

• The patient is involved and the therapist takes into account the patient as a whole
• It generates collaboration with the patient in the reasoning process

Question 13

clinical reasoning model

biopsychosocial model

Answer 13

describes pain and disability as a interaction between 3 major factors: biological, psychological and social.
* all are influenced and related by each other thus generating this chronic complex and long lasting pain

Question 14

Answer 14