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IGCSE Business Studies > Unit 2 - People in business > Flashcards

Unit 2 - People in business Flashcards

1
Q

Motivation

A

is the reason why employees want to work hard and work e ectively for the business

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2
Q

Wage

A

is a payment for work, usually paid weekly

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3
Q

Time rate

A

is the amount paid to an employee for one
hour of work

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4
Q

Piece rate

A

is an amount paid for each unit of output

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5
Q

Salary

A

payment for work, usually paid monthly.

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6
Q

Bonus

A

is an additional amount of payment above basic
pay as a reward for good work

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7
Q

Commission

A

is payment relating to the number of sales made

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8
Q

Profi t sharing

A

is a system whereby a proportion of the
company’s pro ts are paid out to employees

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9
Q

Job satisfaction

A

is the enjoyment derived from feeling that you have done a good job

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10
Q

Job rotation

A

involves workers swapping around and
doing each speci c task for only a limited time and
then changing around again

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11
Q

Job enrichment

A

involves looking at jobs and adding tasks that require more and/or responsibility

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12
Q

Team-working

A

involves using groups of workers and allocating speci c tasks and responsibilities to them

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13
Q

Training

A

is the process of improving a worker’s skills

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14
Q

Promotion

A

is the advancement of an employee in an organisation, for example, to a higher job/managerial
level

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15
Q

Organisational structure

A

refers to the levels of
management and division of responsibilities within an
organisation

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16
Q

Organisational chart

A

refers to a diagram that outlines
the internal management structure

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17
Q

Hierarchy

A

refers to the levels of management in any
organisation, from the highest to the lowest.

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18
Q

A level of hierarchy

A

refers to managers/supervisors/other employees who are given a similar level of responsibility in an organisation

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19
Q

Chain of command

A

is the structure in an organisation which allows instructions to be passed down from senior management to lower levels of management

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20
Q

The span of control

A

is the number of subordinates working directly under a manger

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21
Q

Directors

A

are senior managers who lead a particular department or a division of a business

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22
Q

Line managers

A

have direct responsibility for people below them in the hierarchy of an organisation

23
Q

Supervisors

A

are junior managers who have direct control over the employees below them in the organisational structure

24
Q

Sta managers

A

are specialists who provide support, information and assistance to line managers.

25
Q

Delegation

A

means giving a subordinate the authority to perform particular tasks

26
Q

Leadership styles

A

are the di erent approaches to dealing with people and making decisions when in apposition of authority - autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire

27
Q

Autocratic leadership

A

is where the manager expects to be in charge of the business and to have their orders followed

28
Q

Democratic leadership

A

gets other employees involved in the decision-making process

29
Q

Laissez-faire

A

leadership makes the broad objectives of the business known to employees, but then they are left to make their own decisions and organise their own work

30
Q

Recruitment

A

process from identifying that the business needs to employ someone up to the point at which applications have arrived at the business

31
Q

Job analysis

A

identi es and records the responsibilities and tasks relating to a job

32
Q

Job description

A

outlines the responsibilities and duties to be carried out by someone employed to do a speci c job

33
Q

Job speci cation

A

is a document which outlines the requirements, quali cations, expertise, physical characteristics, etc., for a speci ed job

34
Q

Internal recruitment

A

is when a vacancy is lled by someone who is an existing employee of the business

35
Q

External recruitment

A

is when a vacancy is lled by someone who is not an existing employee and will be new to the business

36
Q

induction training

A

is an introduction given to a new employee, explaining the business’s activities, customs and procedures and introducing them to their fellow workers

37
Q

On-the-job training

A

occurs by watching a more experienced worker doing the job

38
Q

O ff-the-job training

A

involves being trained away from the workplace, usually by specialist trainers.

39
Q

Workforce planning

A

is establishing the workforce needed by the business for the foreseeable future in terms of the number and skills of employees required

40
Q

Dismissal

A

is when employment is ended against the will of the employee, usually for not working according to the employment contract

41
Q

Redundancy

A

is when the employee is no longer needed and so loses their job. It is not due to any aspect of their work being unsatisfactory

42
Q

A contract of employment

A

is a legal agreement between an employer and an employee, listing the rights and responsibilities of workers

43
Q

Communication

A

is the transferring of a message from the sender to the receiver, who understands the message

44
Q

A message

A

is the information or instructions being passed by the sender to the receiver

45
Q

Internal communication

A

is communication between members of the same organisation

46
Q

External communication

A

is communication between the organisation and other organisations or individuals

47
Q

The transmitter or sender of the message

A

is the person starting o the process by sending the message

48
Q

The medium of communication

A

is the method used to send a message, for example, a letter is a method of written communication and a meeting is a method of verbal communication

49
Q

One-way communication

A

involves a message which
does not call for or require a response

50
Q

Two-way communication

A

is when the receiver gives a
response to the message and there is a discussion
about it

51
Q

Formal communication

A

is when messages are sent
through established channels using professional
language

52
Q

Informal communication

A

is when information is sent
and received casually using everyday language

53
Q

Communication barriers

A

are factors that stop e ective
communication of messages

IGCSE Business Studies (6 decks)

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