Unit 2 : Our culture

Question 0

Material culture

Answer 0

Consists of actual objects or physical things like buildings, pieces of art, and clothing

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

The sum of learned behaviors, customs, knowledge, and material objects

Question 2

Nonmaterial culture

Answer 2

Consists of the guidelines for group behavior, collective ideas, language, beliefs, and values

Question 3

Cultural universals

Answer 3

Similarities across all societies

Question 4

Cultural transmission

Answer 4

Each generation passes culture to future generations, you may adapt and change the behaviors, customs, and objects over time

Question 5

Innovation

Answer 5

Introducing new objects or ideas to a culture

Question 6

Diffusion

Answer 6

The process through which a piece of culture is transferred from group to group and from society to society

Question 7

Technology

Answer 7

Information about how to use cultural objects and the environment’s resources for our benefit

Question 8

Language

Answer 8

A central element to any culture

A system of meanings and symbols that are used for communication

Question 9

Norms

Answer 9

The rules and guidelines that govern group behavior

Question 10

Formal norms

Answer 10

Norms that are written down and generally have some sort of formal punishment for breaking the norm

Ex: laws, school policy

Question 11

Informal norms

Answer 11

Norms that are generally understood, but not written down

Question 12

Mores

Answer 12

Norms considered to be necessary for the welfare of society

Question 13

Folkways

Answer 13

Norms dealing with everyday behavior

Question 14

Cultural values

Answer 14

Collective ideas about what is important, good, and desirable

Question 15

Sanctions

Answer 15

Rewards and penalties given to people for their behavior in regard to social norms

Question 16

Ethnocentrism

Answer 16

Assuming that one’s culture is superior to other cultures

Question 17

Cultural relativism

Answer 17

Doing another culture from the lens of that culture

Question 18

Genocide

Answer 18

Killing an entire group of people just because of their ethnic identity

Question 19

Subcultures

Answer 19

Smaller groups within a society that share their own set of norms and values that differs from the larger society

Question 20

Countercultures

Answer 20

Deliberately oppose aspects within the larger culture